Karakteristik Morfologi, Indeks Ekologi, dan Distribusi Kelomang (Decapoda: Diogenidae) di Pantai Drini, Kabupaten Gunungkidul

Atalie Safa Danella Laksita Khairah, Eko Hardianto, S.Pi., M.Si., M.Sc., Ph.D.; Prof. Dr. Eko Setyobudi, S.Pi., M.Si.

2026 | Skripsi | MANAJ. SUMBER DAYA PERIKANAN

Kelomang (Decapoda: Diogenidae) banyak ditemukan di zona intertidal pantai selatan Gunungkidul yang memiliki karakter topografi rataan karang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman jenis kelomang secara morfologi serta mengetahui kelimpahan, indeks ekologi, dan pola persebaran kelomang. Penelitian berlangsung pada bulan September 2025 hingga Maret 2026 di Pantai Drini, Gunungkidul. Pengambilan kelomang dengan metode belt transect dan meletakkan plot kuadran 1x1 m di tiga stasiun. Analisis data meliputi kelimpahan, indeks keanekaragaman (H’), indeks keseragaman (E) , indeks dominansi (C), dan indeks Morisita (Id). Kelomang yang ditemukan terdiri dari Clibanarius englaucus, Clibanarius humilis, Clibanarius merguiensis, Clibanarius striolatus, Clibanarius virescens, Calcinus laevimanus, dan Calcinus latens. Kelimpahan total sebesar 64,2 individu/m2 dengan kelimpahan tertinggi di area substrat makroalga dan lamun. Nilai rerata indeks keanekaragaman sedang (H’=1,12), rerata indeks keseragaman tinggi (E=0,70), rerata indeks dominansi sedang (C=0,40), serta pola distribusi cenderung mengelompok. Kondisi substrat dan salinitas air menjadi faktor pembatas lingkungan yang berpengaruh terhadap persebaran kelomang.

Hermit crabs (Decapoda: Diogenidae) are commonly found in the intertidal zone of the southern coast of Gunungkidul, which is characterized by a coral flat topography. This research aimed to identify hermit crab species based on morphological characteristics and to determine their abundance, ecological index, and distribution patterns. This research was conducted from September 2025 to March 2026 at Drini Beach, Gunungkidul. Hermit crabs were collected using the belt transect method by placing 1 × 1 m quadrat plots at three stations. Data analysis included abundance, diversity index (H’), evenness index (E), dominance index (C), and Morisita index (Id). Seven hermit crab species were identified: Clibanarius englaucus, Clibanarius humilis, Clibanarius merguiensis, Clibanarius striolatus, Clibanarius virescens, Calcinus laevimanus, and Calcinus latens. The total abundance was 64.2 individuals/m2, with the highest abundance recorded in the macroalgae and seagrass substrate areas. The mean diversity index was moderate (H’=1.12), the mean evenness index was high (E=0.70), the mean dominance index was moderate (C=0.40), and the distribution pattern tended to be clustered. Substrate conditions and water salinity influence the distribution of hermit crabs.

Kata Kunci : Diogenidae, indeks ekologi, kelomang, Pantai Drini, pola distribusi