KAJIAN TENTANG TERONG DAN KETELA RAMBAT UNTUK MENGURANGI POPULASI Bemisia tabaci PADA BUDIDAYA CABAI (Capsicum annuum. L)
Annisa Fadilah Putri Jaris, Prof. Dr. Ir. Witjaksono, M.Sc
2026 | Skripsi | ILMU HAMA & PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN
Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan komoditas hortikultura bernilai
ekonomi tinggi yang produksinya sering terkendala oleh serangan hama vektor
virus, khususnya Bemisia tabaci, penyebab penyakit keriting kuning. Salah satu
pendekatan pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan adalah pemanfaatan tanaman
perangkap untuk mengalihkan populasi hama dari tanaman utama. Penelitian ini
bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas terong (Solanum melongena L.) dan ketela
rambat (Ipomoea batatas L.) sebagai tanaman perangkap dalam menekan populasi
B. tabaci pada budidaya cabai. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Ngentak, Kecamatan
Sewon, Kabupaten Bantul, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK)
dengan empat perlakuan, yaitu cabai + terong, cabai + ketela rambat, cabai +
kombinasi terong dan ketela rambat, serta cabai tanpa tanaman perangkap sebagai
kontrol, masing-masing dengan tiga ulangan. Pengamatan populasi B. tabaci
dilakukan setiap tiga hari, disertai pengamatan preferensi hama dan insidensi
penyakit. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tanaman perangkap
berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap populasi B. tabaci. Terong terbukti paling efektif
menarik populasi hama, sedangkan ketela rambat menunjukkan daya tarik yang
lebih rendah dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol. Insidensi penyakit kuning
tidak berbeda nyata antar perlakuan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terong
berpotensi kuat sebagai tanaman perangkap dan dapat diintegrasikan dalam strategi
Pengendalian Hama Terpadu pada budidaya cabai.
Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important horticultural commodity with
high economic value; however, its production is often constrained by pest attacks,
particularly Bemisia tabaci, a major vector of yellow leaf curl disease.
Environmentally friendly pest management strategies, such as the use of trap crops,
are needed to reduce reliance on chemical insecticides. This study aimed to evaluate
the effectiveness of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and sweet potato (Ipomoea
batatas L.) as trap crops to attract and reduce B. tabaci populations in chili
cultivation. The research was conducted in Ngentak Village, Sewon District, Bantul
Regency, using a Randomized Complete Block Design with four treatments: chili
intercropped with eggplant, chili intercropped with sweet potato, chili intercropped
with a combination of eggplant and sweet potato, and chili without trap crops as a
control, each replicated three times. Bemisia tabaci populations were observed
every three days, along with host preference and disease incidence. The results
showed that trap crop treatments had a highly significant effect on B. tabaci
populations. Eggplant was the most effective trap crop in attracting B. tabaci,
whereas sweet potato showed lower attractiveness and was not significantly
different from the control. Disease incidence did not differ significantly among
treatments. In conclusion, eggplant has strong potential as an effective trap crop and
can be integrated into an Integrated Pest Management strategy for chili cultivation.
Kata Kunci : Bemisia tabaci, tanaman perangkap, cabai, terong, pengendalian hama terpadu