ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN LAHAN PADA SISTEM AGROFORESTRI DAN MONOKULTUR DESA SAMBAK, KECAMATAN KAJORAN, KABUPATEN MAGELANG
Satanisa Istiqomah, 3. Muhamad Khoiru Zaki, S.P., M.P., Ph.D; 4. Chandra Setyawan, STP.,M.Eng , Ph.D., IPM. ASEAN Eng.
2026 | Skripsi | TEKNIK PERTANIAN
Kemampuan lahan merupakan indikator penting dalam menentukan kesesuaian pemanfaatan lahan secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik iklim dan hidrologi, sifat fisik tanah, serta dinamika hidrofisik tanah dalam menilai kemampuan lahan pada sistem agroforestri dan monokultur di Desa Sambak, Kecamatan Kajoran, Kabupaten Magelang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan September hingga November 2025 dengan pengambilan sampel tanah pada kedua sistem penggunaan lahan. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi berat volume tanah, berat jenis tanah, porositas, dan kadar lengas tanah. Analisis mikroklimat dilakukan menggunakan data curah hujan, suhu udara, dan kelembaban tanah periode 2024–2025 dari dataset NASA POWER yang diolah dengan R-Studio untuk menghitung indeks Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI-3) serta menganalisis keseimbangan air. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa variasi curah hujan dan suhu udara berpengaruh terhadap dinamika kelembaban tanah dan keseimbangan air. Sifat fisik tanah menunjukkan berat volume sebesar 0,7995–1,2107 g/cm³, berat jenis 1,3068–1,8149 g/cm³, porositas 31,46–49,12%, dan kadar lengas 35,53–63,39%. Sistem agroforestri memiliki berat volume rendah, berat jenis sangat rendah, porositas sedang, dan kadar lengas tinggi, sedangkan sistem monokultur memiliki porositas lebih rendah dan kadar lengas sangat tinggi.
Land capability is an important indicator in determining sustainable
land use suitability. This study aimed to analyze climatic and hydrological
characteristics, soil physical properties, and soil hydrophysical dynamics in
assessing land capability under agroforestry and monoculture systems in Sambak
Village, Kajoran District, Magelang Regency. The study was conducted from
September to November 2025 through soil sampling in both land-use systems. The
analyzed soil physical parameters included bulk density, particle density,
porosity, and soil moisture content. Microclimate analysis was carried out
using rainfall, air temperature, and soil moisture data for the 2024–2025
period obtained from the NASA POWER dataset. The data were processed using
R-Studio to calculate the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index
(SPEI-3) and to analyze the water balance. The results showed that variations
in rainfall and air temperature influenced soil moisture dynamics and water
balance conditions. The soil physical properties ranged from 0.7995–1.2107
g/cm³ for bulk density, 1.3068–1.8149 g/cm³ for particle density, 31.46–49.12%
for porosity, and 35.53–63.39% for soil moisture content. The agroforestry
system was characterized by low bulk density, very low particle density,
moderate porosity, and high soil moisture, whereas the monoculture system
exhibited lower porosity and very high soil moisture.
Kata Kunci : kemampuan lahan, agroforestri, monokultur, sifat fisik tanah, keseimbangan air, SPEI-3
