Strategi Pemerataan Akses Kartu Indonesia Pintar Kuliah (KIP-K) di Perguruan Tinggi Swasta

Ivana Elisabeth Tarigan, Agustina Kustulasari, S. Pd., M. A.

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU ADMINISTRASI NEGARA (MANAJEMEN DAN KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK)

Program Kartu Indonesia Pintar Kuliah (KIP-K) merupakan instrumen strategis yang bertujuan memperluas akses pendidikan tinggi bagi calon mahasiswa dari keluarga berpendapatan rendah. Namun, dalam implementasinya, distribusi kuota KIP-K yang relatif lebih dominan di Perguruan Tinggi Negeri (PTN) dibandingkan Perguruan Tinggi Swasta (PTS) berpotensi membatasi daya jangkau program terhadap kelompok sasaran utama. Kondisi ini menjadi krusial mengingat PTS merupakan penyerap terbesar permintaan pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia, khususnya bagi mahasiswa dari wilayah non-perkotaan dan daerah tertinggal, terdepan, dan terluar (3T).

Ketimpangan tersebut tidak hanya tercermin pada alokasi kuota, tetapi juga pada perbedaan mekanisme penetapan penerima, linimasa pencairan dana, serta strategi sosialisasi program yang belum sepenuhnya afirmatif dan inklusif bagi calon mahasiswa PTS. Akibatnya, calon mahasiswa dengan keterbatasan ekonomi dan capaian akademik yang relatif rendah menghadapi hambatan struktural untuk mengakses Program KIP-K melalui jalur PTS. Policy paper ini disusun menggunakan metode Delphi yang melibatkan 40 panelis lintas pemangku kepentingan melalui dua putaran kuesioner untuk mencapai konsensus mengenai tantangan implementasi dan alternatif kebijakan yang paling relevan.

Berdasarkan hasil studi Delphi, policy paper ini merekomendasikan dua alternatif kebijakan. Alternatif pertama menekankan perbaikan desain kebijakan melalui revisi Peraturan Sekretaris Jenderal Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 10 Tahun 2022, khususnya dalam penyusunan kriteria alokasi kuota yang lebih inklusif, penyelarasan linimasa implementasi antara PTN dan PTS, serta penguatan akuntabilitas program. Keberhasilan kebijakan ini diukur melalui peningkatan proporsi PTS, khususnya di wilayah 3T, yang menerima kuota KIP-K, serta meningkatnya kesesuaian antara kuota dan jumlah pendaftar yang memenuhi kriteria eligibilitas di PTS.

Alternatif kedua berfokus pada penguatan strategi sosialisasi Program KIP-K dengan menegaskan karakter afirmatif beasiswa dan keterbukaannya bagi PTS melalui optimalisasi kanal digital dan sosialisasi luring di wilayah 3T. Keberhasilan kebijakan ini diukur melalui peningkatan proporsi pendaftar yang memilih jalur PTS serta peningkatan performa konten media sosial. Secara kumulatif, kedua alternatif kebijakan diharapkan dapat memperluas akses Program KIP-K di PTS dan meningkatkan penyerapan mahasiswa dari kelompok rentan.

The Kartu Indonesia Pintar Kuliah (KIP-K) Program constitutes a strategic instrument aimed at expanding access to higher education for prospective students from low-income households. However, in its implementation, the distribution of KIP-K quotas—which remains disproportionately concentrated in public higher education institutions (Perguruan Tinggi Negeri, PTN) relative to private higher education institutions (Perguruan Tinggi Swasta, PTS)—has the potential to constrain the program’s reach among its primary target groups. This condition is particularly critical given that PTS serve as the largest absorbers of higher education demand in Indonesia, especially for students from non-urban areas and disadvantaged, frontier, and outermost regions (3T).

This disparity is reflected not only in quota allocation but also in differences in recipient determination mechanisms, fund disbursement timelines, and program dissemination strategies that have yet to be fully affirmative and inclusive for prospective PTS students. Consequently, economically disadvantaged applicants with relatively lower academic achievement face structural barriers in accessing the KIP-K Program through the PTS pathway. This policy paper employs the Delphi method, engaging 40 panelists from diverse stakeholder groups across two rounds of questionnaires to achieve consensus on key implementation challenges and the most relevant policy alternatives.

Based on the findings of the Delphi study, this policy paper proposes two policy alternatives. The first emphasizes improvements in policy design through revisions to the Regulation of the Secretary-General of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology Number 10 of 2022, particularly with regard to the formulation of more inclusive quota allocation criteria, the alignment of implementation timelines between PTN and PTS, and the strengthening of program accountability. The success of this policy alternative is measured by an increased proportion of PTS—especially those located in 3T regions—receiving KIP-K quotas, as well as improved alignment between allocated quotas and the number of eligible applicants within PTS.

The second alternative focuses on strengthening the dissemination strategy of the KIP-K Program by reaffirming the program’s affirmative character and its accessibility to PTS through the optimization of digital channels and offline outreach activities in 3T regions. The effectiveness of this policy alternative is assessed through an increased proportion of applicants choosing the PTS pathway and improved performance of social media content. Collectively, these two policy alternatives are expected to broaden access to the KIP-K Program within PTS and enhance the enrollment of students from vulnerable groups.

Kata Kunci : Akses pendidikan tinggi, Kartu Indonesia Pintar Kuliah (KIP-K), Perguruan Tinggi Swasta (PTS), Metode Delphi