Kajian Faktor Pengaruh Penerapan Sistem Deteksi Dini Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) dan Respons Awal Kebakaran di Permukiman Padat Kelurahan Kebon Kacang, Kota Jakarta Pusat
Marsya Rizkia Putri Herawan, Dr. Ir. Tri Mulyani Sunarharum, S.T., IPU
2026 | Skripsi | PERENCANAAN WILAYAH DAN KOTA
Dense urban settlements such as Kebon Kacang Subdistrict in Central Jakarta face elevated fire risks due to extreme building density, the dominance of semipermanent construction materials, and severely limited physical access for fire-fighting vehicles. Existing fire response systems operate entirely on a reactive basis and rely on human initiative, creating a critical gap in the early detection phase. This study examines the factors influencing the implementation of Internet of Things (IoT)-based early fire detection system and initial fire response in such a context, employing a deductive qualitative approach. Factor analysis was conducted using Force Field Analysis organized within the TOE Framework, encompassing technical, social, economic, institutional, and spatial dimensions. Findings reveal that nearly all inhibiting factors are institutional in nature and addressable through policy interventions, while driving factors are structural and already in place. Government readiness is constrained by the absence of specific technical regulations that serve as the legal basis for formal budget allocation, while community readiness is cognitively strong but operationally conditional. Comparative analysis with international practices confirms that mandatory regulation combined with subsidized financing schemes represents the most effective model for settlement contexts with limited resident economic capacity. The study concludes that IoT implementation in Kebon Kacang is technically feasible, socially accepted, and justifiable as a public investment, but requires differentiated implementation models, a formal model based on regulation and government subsidy for public housing, and a community-based model centered on strengthening the role of Redkar as first response operators for horizontal semipermanent settlements.
Kata Kunci : Internet of Things (IoT), Sistem Deteksi Dini Kebakaran, Permukiman Padat, Force Field Analysis