Karakteristik Fisik dan Stabilitas Emulgel Minyak Biji Bunga Matahari dan Hyaluronic Acid dengan Kombinasi Karbopol dan HPMC sebagai Gelling Agent

Salsabila Desti Winarno, Dr. apt. Sekar Ayu Pawestri, S.Farm.; Prof. Dr. apt. Abdul Karim Zulkarnain, S. E., M.Si.

2026 | Skripsi | FARMASI

Minyak biji bunga matahari (Helianthus annuus L.) mengandung asam lemak esensial sebagai emolien yang membantu meningkatkan elastisitas kulit, serta vitamin E yang mendukung fungsi skin barrier. Hyaluronic acid berperan dalam mempertahankan hidrasi kulit. Sinergi kedua bahan tersebut mendukung pemeliharaan kelembapan kulit secara optimal. Sediaan diformulasikan dalam bentuk emulgel karena memiliki stabilitas fisik yang baik, mudah diaplikasikan, dan mampu meningkatkan kenyamanan serta efektivitas penghantaran bahan aktif. Basis emulgel menggunakan karbopol dan HPMC sebagai gelling agent untuk menghasilkan viskositas dan konsistensi yang sesuai serta menjaga kestabilan sediaan.

Optimasi emulgel dilakukan menggunakan metode Simplex Lattice Design dengan software Design Expert versi 13. Sebanyak delapan formula emulgel dievaluasi karakteristik fisiknya, meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, dan daya lekat. Stabilitas fisik emulgel diuji melalui metode cycling test selama 3 siklus.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa emulgel minyak biji bunga matahari dan hyaluronic acid dengan konsentrasi karbopol 0,50?n HPMC 1,50% memiliki pH sebesar 5,96 + 0,01; viskositas 245,20 + 105,83 dPa.s; daya sebar 15,03 + 0,97 cm2;  serta daya lekat 6,17 + 0,31 detik. Emulgel minyak minyak biji bunga matahari dan hyaluronic acid stabil pada respon pH dan viskositas. Namun, tidak stabil pada respons daya sebar dan daya lekat selama penyimpanan 3 siklus. 

Sunflower seed oil (Helianthus annuus L.) contains essential fatty acids that act as emollients to help improve skin elasticity, as well as vitamin E, which supports skin barrier function. Hyaluronic acid plays a role in maintaining skin hydration. The synergy of these two ingredients supports optimal maintenance of skin moisture. The formulation was developed in the form of an emulgel due to its good physical stability, ease of application, and ability to enhance comfort and effectiveness in the delivery of active ingredients. The emulgel base utilized carbopol and HPMC as gelling agents to obtain appropriate viscosity and consistency and to maintain formulation stability. 

Optimization of the emulgel was performed using the Simplex Lattice Design method with Design-Expert software version 13. A total of eight emulgel formulations were evaluated for their physical characteristics, including organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and adhesiveness. The physical stability of the emulgel was assessed using a cycling test method for three cycles. 

The results showed that the emulgel containing sunflower seed oil and hyaluronic acid with carbopol at a concentration of 0.50% and HPMC at 1.50% had a pH of 5.96 ± 0.01, viscosity of 245.20 ± 105.83 dPa·s, spreadability of 15.03 ± 0.97 cm², and adhesiveness of 6.17 ± 0.31 seconds. The sunflower seed oil and hyaluronic acid emulgel was stable in terms of pH and viscosity responses; however, it was unstable in spreadability and adhesiveness responses during storage over three cycles.

Kata Kunci : Helianthus annuus L., hyaluronic acid, gelling agent, emulgel