Kandungan Prolin daun beberapa kultivar kelapa pada kondisi cekaman air

TULALO, Meity Aneke, Dr. Hari Hartiko, M.Sc

2005 | Tesis | S2 Pemuliaan Tanaman

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan prolin daun beberapa kultivar kelapa kaitannya dengan kondisi cekaman air dan pertumbuhan bibit. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kelapa dan Palma Lain Manado mulai bulan Juni 2003 sampai September 2004. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial 3 x 4 dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah tiga kultivar kelapa yaitu DPU, DBI dan DTA. Faktor kedua adalah interval penyiraman yaitu : kontrol (disiram 2 hari sekali), disiram 2 minggu sekali, disiram 3 minggu sekali dan disiram 4 minggu sekali. Tanaman produktif tidak diberi perlakuan dan menggunakan enam kultivar yaitu : DPU, DBI, DTA Khina-1 (GKN X DTA), Khina-2 (GKN X DBI) dan Khina-3 (GKN X DPU). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh cekaman air terhadap akumulasi prolin daun bibit kelapa berbeda antar kultivar. Kandungan prolin daun tanaman produktif tanpa cekaman air relatif lebih rendah dari pada kandungan prolin daun bibit yang mengalami cekaman air. Bibit yang mengalami cekaman air memperlihatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif yang rendah. Terdapat korelasi negatif antara pertumbuhan vegetatif bibit kelapa DBI di bawah cekaman air dengan peningkatan kandungan prolin. Pengaruh cekaman air terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sangat nampak pada interval penyiraman 4 minggu sekali. Korelasi antara jumlah curah hujan dan produksi buah kelapa per pohon berbeda antar kultivar.

The objective of this research were to observe the leaf proline content of several coconut cultivars related to water stress and the growth parameters of coconut seedlings. The research was conducted at Indonesian Coconut and Other Palms Research Institute, Manado from June 2003 to September 2004. The experimental design was Random Complete Design Factorial 3 x 4 with three replications. The first factor was three coconut cultivars (DPU, DBI, and DTA). The second factor was four water supply intervals (once in 2 days (control), once in 2 weeks, once in 3 weeks and once in 4 weeks). On the productive coconut plant (DPU, DBI, DTA, Khina-1, Khina-2, and Khina-3), there was also observeed in leaf prolin content, but no water treatment was applied The results showed that the effect of water stress to accumulation of leaf proline coconut seedlings varied among cultivars. The content of leaf proline in productive coconut lower than the content of leaf proline in the seedlings grew under water stress condition. The coconut seedlings grew under water stress condition showed low vegetative growth, significantly in treatment of water supply once in 4 weeks. Under water stress condition, there was negative correlation between the vegetative growth of DBI with the leaf prolin content. There was a negative and positive correlation between fluctuation of rainfall with coconut production depend on cultivars.

Kata Kunci : Pemuliaan Tanaman,Kelapa,Pertumbuhan Bibit,Prolin dan Cekaman Air, coconut, proline, water stress