Kemungkinan timbulnya interaksi genetik dan ketinggian lokasi terhadap performan sapi potong silangan peranakan Ongole di Jawa Timur

ARYOGI, Dr.Ir. Sumadi, MS

2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari kemungkinan timbulnya interaksi antara genetik dengan ketinggian lokasi, pengaruhnya terhadap performan sapi silangan Peranakan Ongole (PO) dengan Simmental (SIMPO) atau Limousin (LIMPO). Penelitian dilakukan sejak bulan Agustus 2003 sampai bulan Juni 2004 di kecamatan Kota Anyar kabupaten Probolinggo sebagai wakil daerah dataran rendah (0 sampai 50 m dpl) dan di kecamatan Wajak kabupaten Malang sebagai wakil daerah dataran tinggi (800 sampai 900 m dpl). Data yang diamati adalah laju pertumbuhan dari lahir sampai yearling (umur 365 hari) dan performan reproduksi sapi milik peternak rakyat. Performan sapi PO digunakan sebagai kontrol. Variabel yang diamati meliputi : agroekosistem wilayah penelitian, pertumbuhan, karakteristik fisiologis dan morfologi, komposisi dan jumlah konsumsi ransum ternak serta reproduksi ternak. Penelitian disusun dengan RAL Pola Faktorial 3x2, data dianalisis variansi atau kovariansi dan dilanjutkan uji DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar performan pertumbuhan, reproduksi dan karakteristik ternak, sangat nyata (P<0,01) dipenga ruhi oleh interaksi yang terjadi antara perbedaan genetik dengan perbedaan ketinggian lokasi. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah sebagian besar performan sapi SIMPO dan LIMPO dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara perbedaan genetik dengan perbedaan keting gian lokasi ; pengaruh tersebut bersifat positip terhadap peningkatan produksi, tetapi cenderung negatif terhadap reproduksinya.

The aim of the research was to study the possibility appearance of genetic and altitude interaction on the performance of Ongole grade cattle crossed with Simmental (SIMPO) or Limousin (LIMPO). The research was done in August 2003 up to June 2004 at Kota Anyar, Probolinggo districts as the representative of low land area (0 to 50 m a.s.l.) and at Wajak Malang districts as the representative of high land area (800 to 900 m a.s.l). Data collected were the growth rate from birth up to yearling (365 days of age) and the reproductive performance of cattle owned by small holders. The performance of Ongole grade cattle were used as control data. The variables observed were : the agroecosystem in the area site of research, growth, physiology and morpho logy characteristics of animals, composition and feed intake, also reproduction trait. The research was analysed using Completely Randomized Design with factorial 3x2. The data were analyzed by variance and covariance and followed with DMRT test. The result showed that mostly growth, reproduction and characteristics of beef cross breed cattle were significantly (P<0.01) affected by interaction between genetic and altitude. The conclusion were that mostly SIMPO and LIMPO performance’s were affected by the interaction between genetic and altitude ; the effect of interaction was positively on the increase of production, but was negative on reproduction.

Kata Kunci : Sapi Potong, PO, SIMPO, LIMPO, Interaksi Genetik dan Ketinggian Lokasi, Performan, Jawa Timur, Beef Cattle, Genetic-Altitude Interaction, Performance, East Java