Pengaruh Paparan Alam Digital terhadap Pengendalian Inhibisi Respons Dominan

Beatrice Gracia Ermida Sianturi, Satriyo Priyo Adi, S.Psi., M.Sc

2026 | Skripsi | PSIKOLOGI

Penelitian ini menyelidiki efek kondisi alam terhadap kontrol inhibisi respons prepoten melalui layar digital pada populasi Indonesia menggunakan tugas Stroop. Seiring meningkatnya kekhawatiran tentang penurunan kontrol inhibisi akibat penggunaan layar berlebihan, Teori Restorasi Perhatian (ART) menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan alam dapat memulihkan kondisi psikis dan rentang perhatian. Meski penelitian sebelumnya membuktikan manfaat restoratif dari paparan langsung terhadap alam, penelitian tentang alam digital seperti gambar masih belum jelas, khususnya di negara non-Barat.

Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan desain within-subjects dengan 26 partisipan yang menyelesaikan tugas Stroop sebelum dan sesudah melihat gambar digital alam Indonesia, alam Barat, dan perkotaan sebagai kontrol. Waktu reaksi dianalisis untuk mengukur perbedaan interferensi Stroop pada tiap stimulus, dengan tujuan (1) menentukan apakah paparan alam digital dapat mengurangi interferensi dan meningkatkan kontrol inhibisi, serta (2) menilai penerapan ART pada populasi Indonesia sebagai cara yang lebih efisien dan terjangkau untuk meningkatkan produktivitas.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan signifikan dalam kontrol inhibisi antar kondisi alam Barat, perkotaan, dan alam Indonesia, menghasilkan temuan null terkait keunggulan restoratif alam digital. Meski demikian, alam digital tetap dapat menjadi intervensi restoratif, namun dampaknya pada populasi Indonesia mungkin memerlukan kondisi baru atau anonim untuk mencegah pengambilan kognitif secara aktif.

This study aims to investigate the effects of natural conditions on prepotent response inhibitory control through digital screens in the Indonesian population using Stroop tasks. With growing concerns about reduced inhibitory control resulting from excessive screen time, the Attention Restoration Theory (ART) aims to demonstrate that natural environments can restore the mental psyche, regaining the lost attention span people once possessed. Despite previous research demonstrating restorative benefits of physical exposure to nature, research on digital nature, such as images, remains unclear, particularly in non-Western countries. This experimental study employs a within-subjects design with 26 participants, who completed a Stroop task before and after viewing digitally presented images of Indonesian nature, Western nature, and control urban images. The reaction time is then analyzed to measure the difference in Stroop interference tracking each stimulus. What this study aims to do is (1) determine whether exposure to nature through digital screens reduces interference, insinuating a positive result in inhibitory control, and (2) assess ART's applicability to an Indonesian population, as results could lead to a much more efficient and affordable way to control inhibition and increase productivity. The results of this study indicated no significant difference in prepotent response inhibitory control across western natural, urban environment, and Indonesian natural condition, yielding null findings regarding the restorative superiority of digital nature over urban images in this context. While digital nature can serve as a restorative intervention, its impact on an Indonesian population may require novel or anonymous condition to prevent active cognitive retrieval.

Kata Kunci : inhibitory control, Prepotent Response Inhibition, digital nature exposure, Attention Restoration Theory