Bioaktivitas ekstrak daun Zodia Euodia Suaveolens terhadap hama Crocidolomia Binotalis (Lepidoptera : pyralidae)

LESTARI, Martina Sri, Prof.Dr.Ir. Edhi Martono, M.Sc

2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui preparasi dan konsentrasi ekstrak daun Euodia suaveolens yang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan Crocidolomia binotalis. Ekstrasi daun dilakukan dengan metode yang digunakan Martono (1998). Bahan aktif dilarutkan dengan aseton untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi 100, 50, 25, 12,5, 6,25, 0%. Serangga uji yang digunakan adalah larva C. binotalis instar 1 dan 2. Uji toksisitas terhadap ekstrak daun zodia dengan pelarut aseton dilakukan dengan uji pakan. Pengamatan meliputi mortalitas larva setelah 72 jam perlakuan. Uji pertumbuhan dan perkembangan larva diberi pakan daun ekstrak selama pertumbuhan dan perkembangan larva yang diganti 4 hari sekali Pengamatan meliputi mortalitas larva selama pertumbuhan), berat larva (awal, 4 dan 7 hari setelah perlakuan), hambatan penambahan berat, umur stadia larva, jumlah dan berat pupa, jumlah serangga dewasa, jumlah telur dan persentase telur yang menetas. Hasil pengujian toksisitas menunjukan ekstrak daun zodia kurang toksik terhadap larva C. binotalis karena dengan menggunakan konsentrasi 100% baru mematikan rata-rata 58,8% larva C. binotalis. Ekstrak daun zodia konsentrasi 12,5 - 100% dapat menghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan C. binotalis dengan tingkat mortalitas yang tinggi (43,3 – 63,3%), menghambat penambahan berat larva, memperpanjang umur stadia larva ( 2,5 – 5 hari), menurunkan berat pupa dan jumlah pupa (13,3 - 46,7%), menekan muncul serangga dewasa (10,0 – 33,3%), menurunkan jumlah telur dan persentase telur yang menetas (33 – 67%).

The research was aimed to determine the preparation and the effective concentration of Euodia suaveolens leaves extract in inhibiting the growth and development of the Crocidolomia binotalis . Leaves extraction was done using method that were used by Martono (1998). Active ingredients were diluted with aseton to get the serial concentratoin of 100; 50; 25; 12,5; 6,25, and 0%. The treated insect that were used were C. binotalis one instar and two, expectedty. The tosicit assayed of zodia leaves extract in aseton (the solven) were carried out using feeding assey. The observation directed to the larva mortality ofter 72 hours treatment. Growth and development bioassays was carried out by feeding the larva with treated leaves with the extract and changed every four days, for whole larva stage. The observation included larva mortality, weight (four, and seven days after treatment), inhibiotion of the increasing weight, age larva stadium, number dan weight of the pupa, number of the adults (sex ratio), number and percentage eggs hatched. The result showed that zodia leaves extract were less tosic to C. Binotalis larva because at the concentration rate 100% only able to kill approximately 58,8% of the C. Binotali larva. Leaves extract of zodia at the concentration 12,5 – 100% were able to inhibit growth and development of the C. Binotalis. With mortality rate 43,3 – 63,3%; decrease larva weight; inhibit the increasing weight of the larva; lengthen age larva stadium (2,5 – 5 days); decreasing pupa formed (13,3 – 46,7%; decreasing adults emerged (10 – 33,3%); number of eggs; and percentage eggs hatched (33-67%).

Kata Kunci : Hama Tanaman,Ulat Daun Kubis,Toksisitas Ekstrak Daun Zodia, Bioactivity, Euodia suaveolens, Crocidolomia binotalis