ANALISIS HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN PERSEPSI TERHADAP PENERIMAAN VAKSIN INFLUENZA PADA MASYARAKAT DI KOTA JAKARTA BARAT

Chatarina Amelia Nugraheni, Prof. Dr. apt. Susi Ari Kristina, M.Kes.

2026 | Skripsi | FARMASI

Influenza merupakan penyakit menular dengan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas tinggi, khususnya pada kelompok berisiko seperti anak-anak, lansia, serta individu dengan penyakit penyerta. Vaksinasi influenza terbukti efektif sebagai upaya pencegahan, tetapi tingkat penerimaannya di masyarakat Indonesia, termasuk Jakarta Barat, masih relatif rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik sosiodemografi, tingkat pengetahuan, persepsi, dan penerimaan vaksin influenza, serta menganalisis hubungan antarvariabel tersebut pada masyarakat di Kota Jakarta Barat.

Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan instrumen berupa kuesioner daring melalui Google Form. Penelitian dimulai pada bulan Oktober–Desember 2025 setelah penerbitan ethical clearance. Sampel penelitian dipilih melalui metode convenience sampling dengan minimal sampel 107 orang. Data akan dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik deskriptif dan analisis bivariat.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik (76,8%), persepsi positif (73,6%), dan penerimaan yang tinggi untuk menerima vaksin (82,4%). Uji Chi-Square menunjukkan sebagian besar karakteristik sosiodemografi tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan tingkat pengetahuan (p>0,05), kecuali agama (p=0,016). Tingkat pengetahuan berhubungan signifikan dengan tingkat persepsi (p=0,000), dan baik tingkat pengetahuan maupun persepsi berhubungan signifikan dengan tingkat penerimaan vaksin influenza (p=0,000). Perlu dilakukan peningkatan edukasi terkait influenza dan vaksin influenza untuk meningkatkan penerimaan vaksinasi di masyarakat.

Influenza is a contagious disease with high morbidity and mortality rates, especially among high-risk groups such as children, the elderly, and individuals with comorbidities. Influenza vaccination has been proven effective as a preventive measure, but its acceptance rate among the Indonesian population, including in West Jakarta, remains relatively low. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the sociodemographic profile, level of knowledge, perception, and acceptance of influenza vaccination, as well as to analyze the relationship between these variables in the community of West Jakarta.

The study used a cross-sectional design with an online questionnaire via Google Form. The study began in October–December 2025 after the issuance of ethical clearance. The research sample was selected using convenience sampling with a minimum sample size of 107 people. The data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis.

The results showed that the majority of respondents had a good level of knowledge (76.8%), positive perceptions (73.6%), and high acceptance of vaccines (82.4%). The Chi-Square test showed that most sociodemographic characteristics were not significantly related to the level of knowledge (p>0.05), except for religion (p=0.016). The level of knowledge was significantly associated with the level of perception (p=0.000), and both the level of knowledge and perception were significantly associated with the level of acceptance of the influenza vaccine (p=0.000). It is necessary to improve education related to influenza and the influenza vaccine to increase vaccine acceptance in the community.

Kata Kunci : pengetahuan, persepsi, penerimaan, vaksin influenza