Stigma dan Reintegrasi Sosial Mantan Pelaku Tindak Pidana Terorisme di Jawa Tengah dalam Perspektif Bina Damai

Kusumasari Ayuningtyas, Diah Kusumaningrum, S.I.P., M.A., Ph.D., Dr. Titik Firawati, S.I.P., M.A.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Ketahanan Nasional

Stigma menjadi tantangan serius dalam proses reintegrasi mantan pelaku tindak pidana terorisme setelah mereka menyelesaikan masa pidananya. Dukungan administratif, pemberdayaan ekonomi, hingga pendampingan yang diberikan oleh Pemerintah belum menyentuh pemulihan relasi yang menentukan apakah seorang mantan pelaku tindak pidana terorisme akan bisa diterima kembali oleh masyarakat dan melanjutkan kehidupannya dengan bermartabat. Penelitian ini mencoba mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh stigma dalam proses reintegrasi seorang mantan pelaku tindak pidana terorisme di wilayah Jawa Tengah. Wawancara dilakukan terhadap mantan pelaku tindak pidana terorisme, institusi yang berwenang dalam program deradikalisasi dan reintegrasi di Indonesia, organisasi non-pemerintah, media, dan masyarakat di lingkungan terdekat mantan pelaku tindak pidana terorisme. Hasilnya, stigma yang muncul dari pihak eksternal dan internal menghambat reintegrasi yang membutuhkan keterlibatan berbagai pihak untuk mengatasinya. 

Stigma poses a serious challenge to the social reintegration of former terrorism offenders after they completed their prison sentences. Although the government provides administrative support, economic empowerment programs, and mentoring through deradicalization and reintegration initiatives, these measures have not sufficiently addressed the restoration of social relationships, which ultimately determine whether former terrorist offenders are accepted back into society and able to build their lives with dignity. This qualitative descriptive study examines the extent to which stigma influences the reintegration process of former terrorism offenders in Central Java from peacebuilding perspective. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with former offenders, state institutions responsible for deradicalization and reintegration programs in Indonesia, non-governmental organizations, media representatives, and members of the surrounding community. The findings show that both external stigma and internalized stigma hinder the reintegration process, highlighting the need for sustained, multi-stakeholder engagement to address relational barriers that extend beyond formal rehabilitation measures. 

Kata Kunci : Stigma, Reintegasi, Terorisme, Jawa Tengah, Bina Damai