NILAI EKONOMI DAN TINGKAT PENERAPAN WASTE MANAGEMENT PADA PETERNAK SAPI POTONG DI KECAMATAN NGEMPLAK YOGYAKARTA

Yossi Dyah Listiana, Prof. Dr. Ir. Tri Anggraeni Kusumastuti, S.P., M.P., IPM.

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penerapan waste management termasuk tantangan dalam meminimalisir limbah peternakan penting dilakukan untuk mendukung peternakan ramah lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis nilai ekonomi pemanfaatan limbah peternakan sapi potong rakyat, serta menganalisis tingkat tantangan yang dihadapi oleh peternakan sapi potong rakyat. Lokasi penelitian di Kecamatan Ngemplak Kabupaten Sleman. Pengambilan sampel pada kelompok ternak yang mendapatkan bimbingan teknik pemanfaatan limbah kotoran ternak yaitu kelompok ternak Gemilang, Mulyo Lestari, Purwo Mulyo dan Taruno Mandiri dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 95 peternak. Analisis data dilakukan secara diskriptif kuantitatif. Analisis nilai ekonomi dengan pendekatan gross margin. Analisis tingkat tantangan yang dihadapi peternak dikelompokkan menjadi 5 kategori dengan range yaitu 1 (sangat rendah), 2 (rendah), 3 (sedang), 4 (tinggi) dan 5 (sangat tinggi) menggunakan skala Likert. Tantangan dilihat dari sumber daya manusia, biaya, pasar, kebijakan dan tata kelola serta teknologi dan logistik diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa macam limbah peternakan meliputi feses, urin, dan sisa pakan. Limbah feses tersebut digunakan untuk pembuatan pupuk kompos dengan fermentasi baik dijual maupun untuk pupuk tanaman. Nilai ekonomi pemanfaatan limbah untuk pupuk tanaman tanpa fermentasi memberikan tambahan pendapatan sebesar Rp 309.007,92/peternak/periode sedangkan dengan fermentasi sebesar Rp 2.073.32000/peternak/periode. Kompos yang dijual mendatangkan pendapatan sebesar Rp6.896.640/kelompok/tahun. Total lima aspek tantangan penerapan waste management menunjukkan kategori sedang. Tantangan tertinggi dilihat pada aspek distribusi produk (pasar)  dan pembuatan pupuk. Oleh karena itu diperlukan peningkatan kerjasama dalam distribusi pupuk dan dana investasi awal.

The implementation of a waste management, including the challenge of minimizing livestock waste, is important to support environmentally friendly livestock farming. The objectives of this study were to identify the types of waste and utilization of waste from smallholder beef cattle farms, analyze the economic value of utilizing waste from smallholder beef cattle farms, and analyze the level of challenges faced by smallholder beef cattle farms. The research location was in Ngemplak District, Sleman Regency. Samples were taken from livestock groups that received technical guidance on livestock waste utilization, namely the Gemilang, Mulyo Lestari, Purwo Mulyo, and Taruno Mandiri livestock groups, with a total of 95 farmers as respondents. Data analysis was performed using quantitative descriptive methods. Economic value analysis was performed using the gross margin approach. The analysis of the level of challenges faced by farmers was grouped into 5 categories with a range of 1 (very low), 2 (low), 3 (medium), 4 (high), and 5 (very high) using a Likert scale. Challenges were viewed from the perspectives of human resources, costs, markets, policies and governance, as well as technology and logistiks, and were tested for validity and reliability. The results of the study show that the types of livestock waste include feces, urine, and feed residues. The feces waste is used to make compost through fermentation, which is sold or used as plant fertilizer. The economic value of utilizing waste for plant fertilizer without fermentation provides additional income of IDR 309,007.92/farmer/period, while with fermentation it provides IDR 2,073,320.00/farmer/period. The compost sold generates an income of IDR 6,896,640/group/year. The total of the five aspects of waste management implementation challenges shows a moderate category. The highest challenges are seen in the aspects of product distribution (market) and fertilizer production. Therefore, increased cooperation in fertilizer distribution and initial investment funds are needed.

Kata Kunci : gross margin, tantangan peternak, waste management