Exploring Body Positivity through Captions and Comments: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Clara Dao’s Instagram Account
Baiq Rahayu Kurniasih, Dr. Aprillia Firmonasari, S.S., M.Hum., DEA.
2026 | Tesis | S2 Linguistik
Standar kecantikan Amerika yang mengutamakan tipe tubuh tertentu
dikonstruksi dan diperkuat oleh masyarakat. Standar tersebut membentuk persepsi
perempuan tentang daya tarik dan mendorong mereka untuk mencari validasi serta
pengakuan dari orang lain. Sebagian perempuan yang tidak sesuai dengan standar
kecantikan sering merasa tidak percaya diri, dikritik dan mengalami penghinaan tubuh,
seperti yang dialami oleh Clara Dao, seorang influencer asal Kanada yang dikenal
memiliki tubuh sangat kurus dan dada datar. Sebagai respons atas pengalaman
tersebut, dia mempromosikan gerakan body positivity untuk memberdayakan
perempuan dan melawan standar kecantikan, dengan menekankan pentingnya
inklusivitas, keberagaman, dan penerimaan terhadap tubuh perempuan.
American beauty standards that privilege certain body types are constructed and
reinforced by society. These standards shape some women’s perceptions of
attractiveness and encourage them to seek validation and recognition from others.
Some women who do not conform to these standards often feel insecure, criticized,
and body shamed, as experienced by Clara Dao, a Canadian influencer known for her
thin body and flat chest. In response to these experiences, she promotes the body
positivity movement to empower women and resist the beauty standards, emphasizing
the inclusivity, diversity, and acceptance of women’s bodies.
A critical discourse analysis approach was employed to examine Clara Dao’s
Instagram account, which communicates a body positivity message through positive
politeness strategies. This study aims to investigate how the caption narratives and
comments respond to Clara Dao’s Instagram posts through their linguistic features.
Purposive sampling and the use of AntConc Software were used, and data were
collected from captions and comments on Clara Dao’s Instagram. The data were then
reduced, classified, and analyzed using Sara Mills’s theories in Gender and Politeness
and Feminist Stylistics. The research seeks to understand the social context motivating
Clara Dao to promote the body positivity movement as a counter discourse against
beauty standards.
The findings reveal three linguistic features: generic pronouns, ready-made
phrases, and metaphors. The caption narratives reveal female solidarity constructed
through personal pronouns and position body positivity as a counter discourse to
Western beauty standards. The use of generic pronouns and ready-made phrases
indicates that the speaker employs positive politeness strategies, such as supporting,
affirming, encouraging, appreciating, validating, protecting, and raising awareness and
resistance to beauty standards to build and strengthen a connection with the hearer in
a more personal way and deliver the body positivity message effectively. However,
some impoliteness in the captions did not result from rude language, but from Clara’s
negative experiences. Meanwhile, responses in the comments reinforce sexist
language through impoliteness strategies and reflect social biases against body
positivity. These responses, expressed through ready-made phrases and metaphors, are
varied but dominated by impoliteness, such as rejecting, devaluing, and body-shaming
Clara’s body and women’s bodies that do not conform to the beauty standards.
Kata Kunci : body positivity, gender, politeness, Instagram, critical discourse analysis.