Correlation Between 2022 MCQ and OSCE Results of Undergraduate Medical Students at Universitas Gadjah Mada

Syafiqah Faiza Sabila Utomo, dr. Rachmadya Nur Hidayah, MSc, PhD; dr. Noviarina Kurniawati, MSc

2026 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

Latar Belakang: Pertanyaan Pilihan Ganda (MCQ) dan Ujian Klinis Terstruktur Objektif (OSCE) merupakan metode yang paling sering dipilih untuk menilai pemahaman pengetahuan medis dan keterampilan klinis. MCQ dan OSCE bertujuan untuk menilai domain yang berbeda: kognitif dan psikomotorik. Kurikulum 2020 telah diterapkan sejak 2021, di mana Program Studi Kedokteran Sarjana menyelenggarakan MCQ dan OSCE/BCCPT setiap semester. Kurikulum 2020 menyelaraskan pembelajaran pengetahuan medis dan keterampilan klinis; oleh karena itu, hasil mahasiswa dalam MCQ dan OSCE diharapkan memiliki korelasi yang kuat.

Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis korelasi antara skor MCQ dan kinerja OSCE, dengan fokus pada penguasaan pengetahuan medis dan keterampilan klinis di Program Studi Sarjana Kedokteran, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, angkatan 2022.  

Metode: Studi korelasi transversal kuantitatif ini menggunakan data akademik retrospektif dari mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada tahun 2022. Studi ini menganalisis hubungan antara skor rata-rata soal pilihan ganda (Blok 1.1–1.9, Semester 1 Kumulatif, Semester 2 Kumulatif, dan Ujian Akhir) dengan skor kinerja klinis (BCCPT Semester 1, BCCPT Semester 2, dan OSCE Fase 1). Metode sampling total diterapkan. Dari 277 mahasiswa, 243 mahasiswa dengan data berpasangan yang lengkap dianalisis. Statistik deskriptif dan korelasi peringkat Spearman digunakan.

Hasil: Analisis menunjukkan korelasi positif pada semua hubungan yang dievaluasi. Korelasi positif sedang ditemukan antara skor Ujian Akhir dan kinerja OSCE Fase 1 (r = 0.553). Korelasi antara nilai kumulatif Semester 1 dan BCCPT Semester 1 (r = 0.307), serta antara nilai kumulatif Semester 2 dan BCCPT Semester 2 (r = 0.238), bersifat positif namun lemah, dengan signifikansi statistik (p < 0>

Kesimpulan: Semua korelasi antara skor MCQ dan kinerja OSCE/BCCPT menunjukkan arah positif yang konsisten, mendukung asumsi teoretis bahwa pengetahuan kognitif mendasari pengembangan keterampilan klinis. Namun, kekuatan korelasi yang bervariasi menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan teoretis saja tidak sepenuhnya menjelaskan kinerja keterampilan klinis.

Kata kunci: MCQ, OSCE, Medicine, korelasi, pendidikan kedokteran.

Background: Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) are the most commonly used methods for assessing comprehension of medical knowledge and clinical skills. The MCQs and OSCEs aim to evaluate the cognitive and psychomotor domains. The 2020 curriculum was implemented in 2021, during which the Undergraduate Medicine Programme delivered MCQs, and OSCE/BCCPTs were conducted every semester. The 2020 curriculum aligns medical knowledge and clinical skills; therefore, students' MCQ and OSCE results are expected to be strongly correlated.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the correlation between MCQ scores and OSCE performance, highlighting the acquisition of medical knowledge and clinical skills in the Undergraduate Study Programme, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in batch 2022.

Methods: This quantitative cross-sectional correlational study used retrospective academic data from 2022 medical students at Universitas Gadjah Mada. The study examined the relationship between average MCQ scores (Blocks 1.1–1.9, Cumulative Semester 1, Cumulative Semester 2, and Final Examination) and clinical performance scores (BCCPT Semester 1, BCCPT Semester 2, and OSCE Phase 1). Total sampling was applied. Of 277 students, 243 with complete paired data were included in the analysis. Descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation were used.

Results: The analysis demonstrated positive correlations across all assessed relationships. A moderate positive correlation was found between Final Examination scores and OSCE Phase 1 performance (r = 0.553). The correlations between Cumulative Semester 1 and BCCPT Semester 1(r = 0.307), as well as between Cumulative Semester 2 and BCCPT Semester 2 r = 0.238), were positive but weak, with statistical significance (p < 0>

Conclusion: All correlations between MCQ scores and OSCE/BCCPT performance showed a consistent positive direction, supporting the theoretical assumption that cognitive knowledge underpins clinical skills development. However, the varying strength of these correlations suggests that theoretical knowledge alone does not fully explain the performance of clinical skills.

Keywords:  MCQ, OSCE, Medicine, Correlation, Medical education

Kata Kunci : MCQ, OSCE, Medicine, Correlation, Medical education