Derajat depresi Lansia di Panti Wreda Kota Surakarta aspek demografi dan dukungan sosial
SUMARDINO, Dra. Muhana Sofiati Utami, MS
2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan MasyarakatKemajuan ekonomi, perbaikan lingkungan hidup, kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kedokteran meningkatkan umur harapan hidup.Berdasarkan sensus penduduk tahun 1990 jumlah lansia adalah 16.157.900 juta jiwa. Kota Surakarta merupakan kota terpadat penduduknya di Jawa Tengah tercatat mempunyai lansia 30.922 pada tahun 2002. Di Indonesia terdapat 8,5% lansia dengan tanda-tanda depresi (pria 4,3% dan wanita 4,2%). Insidensi depresi tersebut ditengarai lebih banyak terjadi pada lansia yang tinggal di panti-panti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan umur, tingkat pendidikan, jenis kelamin serta dukungan sosial dengan derajat depresi pada lansia di panti wredha kota Surakarta. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian dilaksanakan di kota Surakarta. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh penghuni panti yang sebelumnya telah diskrining terlebih dahulu dengan menggunakan kuesioner SPSQ. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Skala Depresi Geriatrik dan Skala Dukungan Sosial serta karakter demografi. Data dianalisis dengan uji statistik multi regresi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 78 responden yang diteliti terdapat 47,4% derajat depresi ringan, 42,3% derajat depresi sedang dan 10,3% masuk kategori derajat depresi berat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi antara dukungan sosial dan derajat depresi pada lansia di panti wredha wilayah kota Surakarta, tetapi tidak berkolerasi dengan umur, tingkat pendidikan dan jenis kelamin. Hasil analisis gabungan 3 perediktor, ternyata mempunyai keeratan yang paling kuat dibanding dengan prediktor tunggal maupun ganda, dengan kontribusi terkuat dari dukungan sosial 0,06796
Background: Economic growth, environment reparation, and progress of medical science and technology improve a life expectancy rate. Based on the resident census in 1990, amount of elderly is 16.157.900 million. Surakarta Municipality, the most populous town in Central Java, is noted to have elderly amount to 30.922 in the year 2002. In Indonesia, it is estimated that 8.5% of elderly have the signs and symptoms of depression divided into 4.3% for male and 4.2% for female. The incidence of depression is suspected more generally happens on elderly who live in geriatric nursing home. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation between age, educational background, sex, social support and the depression degree in elderly population in all of nursing home in Surakarta Municipality. geriatric Methods: Cross sectional method was conducted in this study. Setting of this study was in Surakarta Municipality. The respondents of this study were the total population of all residents in all of geriatric nursing home in Surakarta Municipality who were previously screened with SPSQ Questionnaire. The instrument which was utilized in this study was Geriatric Depression Scale, Social Support Scale, and demographic character. The data was analyzed using the multi n statistic. regressio Results: The findings of this study showed that, based on the 78 respondents, there were 47.4% respondents categorized in light depression, 42.3% respondents categorized in mild depression, and 10.3% respondents categorized in severe depression. The findings also analyzed that there was a correlation between social support and depression degree in the elderly population in geriatric nursing home in Surakarta Municipality. On the other hand, there was not correlation between age, educational background, sex and the degree of depression. Result of merger analysis of 3 predictors, really have strongest slivering compared to by single and double predictor, with strong contribution from social support (r=0.06796).
Kata Kunci : Perilaku Sehat,Depresi Lansia,Dukungan Sosial dan Demografi, social support, depression degree, elderly, geriatric nursing home
