IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM ZERO WASTE MELALUI BANK SAMPAH DI KECAMATAN SEMBALUN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

MUHAMMAD HAMDUN HAQIQI, Dr. Erda Rindrasih, S.Si., M.U.R.P

2026 | Tesis | MAGISTER MANAJEMEN DAN KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK

Penelitian ini mengkaji implementasi program Zero Waste melalui mekanisme Bank Sampah di Kecamatan Sembalun, Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Latar belakang penelitian didasarkan pada permasalahan peningkatan volume sampah di kawasan wisata Sembalun yang belum diimbangi dengan sistem pengelolaan optimal, di mana tingkat penanganan sampah di Kabupaten Lombok Timur baru mencapai 34,96%. Selain itu, terdapat kesenjangan informasi di mana masyarakat belum sepenuhnya terpapar sosialisasi kebijakan Zero Waste dari pemerintah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan program Zero Waste melalui bank sampah serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendorong dan penghambat efektivitasnya dalam mencapai target pengurangan sampah.

Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pemangku kepentingan, observasi lapangan, dan studi dokumentasi, yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis tematik dengan merujuk pada model implementasi Merilee S. Grindle.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan implementasi yang signifikan antara desain kebijakan di tingkat provinsi/kabupaten dengan eksekusi di tingkat lokal. Meskipun terdapat potensi pendorong berupa manfaat ekonomi mikro bagi nasabah dan komitmen kuat dari figur inisiator lokal, program ini terhambat oleh lemahnya sosialisasi, keterbatasan kualitas SDM, serta minimnya dukungan infrastruktur dan anggaran dari pemerintah daerah maupun desa. Kesimpulannya, program Zero Waste di Sembalun masih bersifat voluntarisme dan belum terlembaga secara kuat dalam struktur birokrasi lokal. Keberlanjutan program memerlukan transformasi dari sistem berbasis individu menjadi berbasis sistem melalui formalisasi peran BUMDes, sinkronisasi tata kelola hulu-hilir, dan modernisasi infrastruktur teknologi pengelolaan sampah.

This study examines the implementation of the Zero Waste programme through the Waste Bank mechanism in Sembalun Subdistrict, East Lombok Regency. The background of this study is based on the problem of increasing waste volume in the Sembalun tourist area, which has not been balanced with an optimal management system, where the waste management rate in East Lombok Regency has only reached 34.96%. In addition, there is an information gap where the community has not been fully exposed to the government's Zero Waste policy socialisation. The purpose of this study is to analyse the implementation of the Zero Waste programme through waste banks and to identify the factors that drive and hinder its effectiveness in achieving waste reduction targets.

The method used is a qualitative approach with case studies. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with stakeholders, field observations, and documentation studies, which were then analysed using thematic analysis techniques with reference to Merilee S. Grindle's implementation model.

The results of the study show that there is a significant implementation gap between policy design at the provincial/district level and execution at the local level. Although there are potential drivers in the form of microeconomic benefits for customers and strong commitment from local initiators, the programme is hampered by weak socialisation, limited human resource quality, and minimal infrastructure and budget support from local and village governments. In conclusion, the Zero Waste programme in Sembalun is still voluntary in nature and has not been strongly institutionalised within the local bureaucratic structure. The sustainability of the programme requires a transformation from an individual-based system to a system-based one through the formalisation of the role of BUMDes, the synchronisation of upstream-downstream governance, and the modernisation of waste management technology infrastructure.

Kata Kunci : Kata Kunci: Zero Waste, Bank Sampah, Implementasi Kebijakan, Sembalun.