Hubungan pola makanan pendamping ASI dengan pertumbuhan gerak motorik kasar bayi 6-12 bulan di Kecamatan Bermani Ulu Kabupaten Rejang Lebong Propinsi Bengkulu

ANTONI, Herwan, Toto Castro, SKM.,M.Kes

2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang. Permasalahan pokok yang dihadapi bangsa Indonesia saat ini adalah tingginya masalah kurang gizi yang berdampak terhadap rendahnya kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM). Usia 6-12 bulan merupakan periode yang sangat kritis terhadap gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Pola makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) salah satu penyebab terjadinya gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gerak motorik kasar bayi. Tujuan penelitian. Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pola makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gerak motorik kasar bayi 6-12 bulan di Kecamatan Bermani Ulu Kabupaten Rejang Lebong. Metode Penelitian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan kohor. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 87 orang bayi umur 6- 12 bulan. Pemilihan sampel secara simpel random sampling. Data pola MP-ASI dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara dan food recall, data pertumbuhan dengan pengukuran antropometri, data perkembangan motorik kasar dengan menggunakan pedoman motorik anak 3-18 bulan. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Chi-square, anova, regresi linier dan logistik. Hasil Penelitian : Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola MP-ASI dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gerak motorik kasar (p>0,05). Asupan energi dan asupan protein berhubungan secara signifikan dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gerak motorik (p<0,05). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan 1 variabel sebagai prediktor pertumbuhan yaitu; asupan protein (B=0,351), R square (24,7%) dan terdapat 2 variabel sebagai prediktor perkembangan gerak motorik kasar yaitu asupan energi dan asupan protein (p<0,05) Kesimpulan : 1) pola MP-ASI tidak berhubungan dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gerak motorik kasar bayi 6-12 bulan, 2) asupan energi dan protein MP-ASI berhubungan dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gerak motorik kasar bayi 6-12 bulan, 3). asupan energi dan protein faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gerak motorik kasar bayi 6 -12 bulan

Background: The main problem facing Indonesian people today is nutrition deficiency which brings effect to low quality of human resources. Infants aging 6 – 12 months are at high risk of having growth and development disorder. Complementary breastfeeding pattern is one of factors causing gross motoric movement growth and development disorder. Objectives: This study was meant to know the relationship between complementary breastfeeding pattern and gross motoric movement growth and develpoment of infants aging 6 – 12 months at Bermani Ulu Subdistrict, Rejang Lebong District. Methods: The was an observational type of research which used cohort design. The samples consisted of 87 infants of 6 – 12 months selected through simple random sampling. Complementary breastfeeding pattern data were collected using interview and food call methods, growth data using antropometry measurement, gross motoric movement data using motoric guideline of infants aging 3 – 18 months. Analysis of data used chi-square, anova, logistic linier and logistic regression. Result: The result of the study showed that 1) There was no significant relationship (p>0.05) between complementary breastfeeding pattern and gross motoric movement growth and development. There was significant relationship (p<0.05) between energy intake and protein intake and growth, with energy intake and protein intake. There was significant relationship (p<0.05) between energy intake and protein intake and development, with energy intake and protein intake. Result of multivariate analysis showed there were 1 variables as growth predictor i.e. protein intake (B=0.351) with (24.7) R square and there were 2 variables as gross motoric movement development predictor i.e. energy intake and protein intake (p<0.05). Conclusion: 1) Complementary breastfeeding was not related to gross motoric movement growth and development, 2) energy and protein intake of complementary breasfeeding was related to gross motoric movement growth and development, 3) energy and protein intake was dominant factor which was related to gross motoric movement growth and development.

Kata Kunci : Gizi,Pertumbuhan Motorik,Bayi 6,12 Bulan,Pola Makan