Rekonstruksi Kebijakan Penangkalan dan Deportasi Pasal 78 Ayat (3) Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2011 Dalam Pencegahan Overstay
NILAM RIZKY ANUGERAH, Dr. Agustina Merdekawati, S.H., LL.M.
2026 | Tesis | S2 ILMU HUKUM JAKARTA
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kebijakan (policy approach). Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang relevan dengan kebijakan penangkalan dan deportasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Pasal 78 ayat (3) masih menghadapi permasalahan berupa ketidakseragaman penafsiran, lemahnya kepastian prosedural, serta keterbatasan instrumen pengaturan teknis yang responsif. Dalam konteks tersebut, Surat Edaran Direktur Jenderal Imigrasi terbukti memiliki peran strategis sebagai instrumen kebijakan internal yang mampu memberikan kejelasan operasional dan keseragaman tindakan aparatur.
Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa rekonstruksi kebijakan penangkalan dan deportasi dalam Pasal 78 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2011 dapat dilakukan secara efektif melalui optimalisasi Surat Edaran sebagai instrumen kebijakan administratif. Surat Edaran tidak dimaksudkan untuk menggantikan norma undang-undang, melainkan memperkuat implementasinya melalui pengaturan teknis yang adaptif, cepat, dan akuntabel. Dengan demikian, penggunaan Surat Edaran Direktur Jenderal Imigrasi sebagai instrumen kebijakan merupakan solusi strategis untuk meningkatkan efektivitas penegakan hukum keimigrasian, kepastian hukum, serta perlindungan hak asasi manusia dalam praktik penangkalan dan deportasi.
This research is purpose to analyze the
weaknesses in the implementation of Article 78 paragraph (3) of Law Number 6 of
2011 and to formulate a reconstruction model for the deterrence and deportation
policy that is more effective, equitable, and adaptive to immigration dynamics.
This research focuses on the role of administrative policy instruments,
specifically the Director General of Immigration's Circular Letter, in bridging
legal norms and immigration law enforcement practices.
The research method used is a normative legal research method with a statutory, conceptual, and policy approach. The legal material collection technique was carried out through a literature study of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials relevant to the deterrence and deportation policy. The results of the research indicate that the implementation of Article 78 paragraph (3) still faces problems in the form of inconsistent interpretation, weak procedural certainty, and limited responsive technical regulatory instruments. In this context, the Circular Letter of the Director General of Immigration has proven to have a strategic role as an internal policy instrument capable of providing operational clarity and uniformity of apparatus actions.
The conclusion of this study confirms that the reconstruction of the deterrence and deportation policy as stipulated in Article 78 paragraph (3) of Law Number 6 of 2011 can be effectively implemented through the optimization of the Circular Letter as an administrative policy instrument. The Circular Letter is not intended to replace statutory norms, but rather to strengthen their implementation through adaptive, expeditious, and accountable technical arrangements. Therefore, the use of the Director General of Immigration's Circular Letter as a policy instrument is a strategic solution to increase the effectiveness of immigration law enforcement, legal certainty, and human rights protection in deterrence and deportation practices.Kata Kunci : Rekonstruksi Kebijakan, Penangkalan dan Deportasi, Pasal 78 Ayat (3), Surat Edaran Direktur Jenderal Imigrasi dan Kebijakan Keimigrasian.
