Ekoefisiensi Sumber Daya Input pada Peternakan Sapi Perah Rakyat di Kabupaten Sleman Yogyakarta

Meita Puspa Dewi, Prof. Dr. Ir. Tri Anggraeni Kusumastuti, S.P., M.P., IPM; Prof. Ir. Nafiatul Umami, S.Pt., M.P., Ph.D., IPM., ASEAN Eng.

2026 | Disertasi | S3 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pemanfaatan sumber daya input, mengukur ekoefisiensi pemanfaatan sumber daya input pada pemeliharaan sapi perah, menganalisis daya dukung pakan, serta merumuskan strategi pemanfaatan sumber daya input pada peternakan sapi perah rakyat di Kabupaten Sleman. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Cangkringan dan Pakem dengan jumlah responden 280 peternak yang ditentukan secara purposive sampling, dan dikelompokkan berdasarkan kepemilikan ternak di bawah dan sama dengan rata-rata (skala rendah) dan di atas rata-rata (skala tinggi). Pengumpulan data dimulai dari survei, observasi, wawancara responden dan pengukuran langsung kebutuhan air dan pakan. Data primer yang diambil meliputi karakteristik peternak, kepemilikan ternak, pakan, penggunaan air, pemanfaatan limbah, serta performa produksi dan reproduksi. Ekoefisiensi input dinilai berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan standar ideal. Analisis daya dukung lahan hijauan pakan dihitung melalui produksi hijauan (Ton/Ha/Tahun) dan carrying capacity (UT/Ha/Tahun) pada tiga ketinggian tempat (500, 700, dan 900 mdpl) dan kepemilikan ternak menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 2x3 dilanjutkan DMRT. Perbedaan penggunaan air, pakan, pemanfaatan limbah, performa produksi dan reproduksi antar kelompok kepemilikan ternak dianalisis menggunakan independent sample t-test. Strategi pemanfaatan sumber daya input menggunakan Decision Tree Analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan limbah kotoran ternak masih rendah, yakni 27,69% pada kelompok ?5 ekor dan 42,35% pada kelompok >5 ekor. Penggunaan air tertinggi berasal dari aktivitas memandikan ternak, namun total penggunaan air masing-masing 95,65 Liter/UT/Hari dan 117 Liter/UT/Hari jauh di bawah standar 970 Liter/UT/Hari sehingga menunjukkan inefisiensi.  Ketinggian tempat berpengaruh nyata (P<0>

This study aims to identify the utilization of input resources, measure the efficiency of input resource utilization in dairy cattle maintenance, analyze feed carrying capacity, and formulate input resource utilization strategies in smallholder dairy farms in Sleman Regency. The study was conducted in Cangkringan and Pakem Districts with 280 respondents who were determined by purposive sampling, and grouped based on livestock ownership below and equal to the average (low scale) and above the average (high scale). Data collection began with surveys, observations, interviews with respondents and direct measurements of water and feed requirements. Primary data collected included farmer characteristics, livestock ownership, feed, water use, waste utilization, and production and reproductive performance. Input efficiency was assessed based on compliance with ideal standards. Feed carrying capacity was calculated based on forage production (tons/ha/year) and carrying capacity (UT/ha/year) at three altitudes (500, 700, and 900 meters above sea level) and livestock ownership using a 2x3 factorial completely randomized design followed by DMRT. Differences in water use, feed, waste utilization, production and reproduction performance between livestock ownership groups were analyzed using an independent sample t-test. The input resource utilization strategy used Decision Tree Analysis. The results showed that livestock manure waste utilization was still low, at 27.69% in the ?5 head group and 42.35% in the >5 head group. The highest water use came from livestock washing activities, but the total water use of 95.65 liters/UT/day and 117 liters/UT/day was far below the standard of 970 liters/UT/day, indicating inefficiency.  Elevation had a significant effect (P<0>

Kata Kunci : Carrying capacity, Ekoefisiensi, Peternakan sapi perah rakyat, Sumber daya input.