Strategy Analysis of PT Petrosea Tbk in Declining Coal Mining Industry

Ignatius Aditya Denta Ariawan, Dr. Rangga Almahendra, S.T., M.M.

2026 | Tesis | S2 MANAJEMEN (MM) JAKARTA

Industri kontraktor pertambangan batu bara di Indonesia menghadapi dilema strategis akibat transisi energi global, pengetatan regulasi dan tekanan lingkungan, serta masuknya produsen peralatan pertambangan murah dari China yang secara kolektif menurunkan daya tarik industri dan melemahkan sumber keunggulan kompetitif tradisional. Tesis ini menelaah respons strategis PT Petrosea Tbk dalam konteks tersebut dengan menerapkan kerangka analisis terpadu yang mencakup analisis PESTLE, Lima Kekuatan Porter, penilaian Key Success Factors (KSF), Strategic Group Mapping, dan Matriks Strategi Industri Menurun Hax dan Majluf. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa daya tarik industri telah menurun ke tingkat menengah akibat tekanan berkelanjutan pada permintaan dan harga batu bara serta meningkatnya persaingan yang dipicu oleh komoditisasi berbasis peralatan, yang menurunkan hambatan masuk dan melemahkan diferensiasi berbasis kepemilikan armada dan intensitas modal. Meski menghadapi tantangan struktural ini, PT Petrosea Tbk tetap memiliki posisi kompetitif yang relatif kuat, didukung oleh keunggulan operasional, kemampuan eksekusi proyek yang maju, digital sistem. Oleh karena itu, tesis ini mendorong sikap strategis yang terkalibrasi, dengan fokus mempertahankan dan secara selektif memperluas segmen teknis kompleks dan premium, melaksanakan strategi managed-harvest yang disiplin pada kontrak yang terkomoditisasi dan sensitif terhadap harga, serta mengalokasikan ulang sumber daya ke peluang terkait mineral dan infrastruktur energi terbarukan untuk menjaga ketahanan finansial dan mempertahankan keunggulan kompetitif jangka panjang.

The Indonesian coal-mining contractor industry is facing a structural strategic dilemma as the global energy transition, tightening regulatory and environmental constraints, and the rapid entry of cost-competitive Chinese mining equipment manufacturers collectively erode industry attractiveness and undermine traditional sources of competitive advantage. This thesis examines the strategic responses of PT Petrosea Tbk within this context, applying an integrated analytical framework encompassing PESTLE analysis, Porter’s Five Forces, Key Success Factor (KSF) assessment, Strategic Group Mapping, and the Hax and Majluf declining-industry strategy matrix. The analysis demonstrates that industry attractiveness has deteriorated to a moderate level due to sustained pressure on coal demand and pricing and heightened competitive rivalry driven by equipment-led commoditization, which lowers entry barriers and weakens differentiation based on fleet ownership and capital intensity. Despite these structural headwinds, PT Petrosea Tbk retains relatively strong competitive positioning grounded in operational excellence, advanced project execution capabilities, proprietary digital systems, and durable client relationships. Accordingly, the thesis advances a calibrated strategic posture centered on defending and selectively expanding technically complex and premium segments, executing disciplined managed-harvest strategies in commoditized and price-sensitive contracts, and reallocating resources toward adjacent minerals and renewable-related infrastructure opportunities to preserve financial resilience and sustain long-term competitive advantage. 

Kata Kunci : declining industry, coal mining contractor, PT Petrosea Tbk, Chinese mining equipment entry, industry structure, competitive strategy, energy transition