Tindak Tutur Direktif dalam Cerpen “al-Lu?bah al-Q?tilah” Karya Ma?m?d S?lim: Analisis Pragmatik

Nanda Zaris Abdillah, Dr. Arief Ma'nawi, S.S., M.Hum.

2026 | Skripsi | SASTRA ARAB

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis dan fungsi tindak tutur direktif yang terdapat dalam cerpen “al-Lu?bah al-Q?tilah” karya Ma?m?d S?lim. Tindak tutur direktif tersebut dianalisis berdasarkan jenis dan fungsi direktifnya dengan memanfaatkan teori pragmatik. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga tahapan, yaitu penyediaan data, analisis data, dan penyajian hasil analisis data. Penyediaan data menggunakan metode simak dan catat, analisis data menggunakan metode padan pragmatis, dan penyajian hasil analisis data secara informal.

Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, ditemukan 98 data tindak tutur direktif dalam cerpen “al-Lu?bah al-Q?tilah” karya Ma?m?d S?lim. Setiap tuturan yang ditemukan memiliki jenis dan fungsi direktifnya masing-masing, sesuai dengan kedudukan penutur dan mitra tutur, konteks tuturan, dan situasi saat tuturan disampaikan. Berdasarkan jenisnya, tindak tutur langsung literal mendominasi dengan 67 data, diikuti oleh tindak tutur tidak langsung literal dengan 21 data, dan tindak tutur tidak langsung tidak literal dengan 10 data. Berdasarkan fungsinya, terdapat enam fungsi direktif yang ditemukan, yaitu pertanyaan (56 data), permintaan (18 data), perintah (13 data), nasihat (8 data), larangan (2 data), dan pemberian izin (1 data). 

The purpose of this research is to describe the types and functions of directive speech acts contained in the short story “al-Lu?bah al-Q?tilah” by Ma?m?d S?lim. These directive speech acts were analyzed based on their types and directive functions using pragmatic theory. This research consists of three stages, namely data collection, data analysis, and presentation of the results of data analysis. The data were collected using the listening and note-taking method, analyzed using the pragmatic equivalent method, and the results of data analysis were presented using the informal method.

Based on the results of the research, 98 data of directive speech acts were found in the short story “al-Lu?bah al-Q?tilah” by Ma?m?d S?lim. Each utterance has its own type and directive function, according to the position between the speaker and the hearer, the context of the utterance, and the situation in which the utterance is delivered. Based on their types, direct literal speech act dominates with 67 data, followed by indirect literal speech act with 21 data, and indirect nonliteral speech act with 10 data. Based on their functions, six directive functions were found, namely questions (56 data), requestives (18 data), requirements (13 data), advisories (8 data), prohibitives (2 data), and permissives (1 data).

Kata Kunci : “al-Lu?bah al-Q?tilah”, tindak tutur, direktif, pragmatik