Pengalaman Petugas Kesehatan dalam Memberikan Pelayanan Kesehatan Reproduksi di Lapas Kelas II Yogyakarta

Abdulloh, Widyawati, S.Kp., M.Kes., Ph.D , Elsi Dwi Hapsari, S.Kp., M.S., D.S.

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi bagi narapidana masih menghadapi kendala berupa keterbatasan fasilitas, tenaga medis, dan kapasitas lembaga. Pemenuhan hak kesehatan narapidana sebagaimana diatur dalam regulasi belum terlaksana secara optimal. Kondisi ini menuntut kajian mendalam terhadap pengalaman petugas kesehatan untuk meningkatkan mutu pelayanan.

Tujuan: Mengeksplorasi gambaran pemberian pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas II Yogyakarta berdasarkan pengalaman petugas kesehatan.

Metode: Penelitian kualitatif deskriptif eksploratif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 2 dokter, 7 perawat, 2 bidan, 1 dokter gigi dan 1 narapidana yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada 10-25 November 2025 di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIA dan IIB Yogyakarta. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam semi-terstruktur dan observasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik.

Hasil: Ditemukan 135 koding, 17 kategori, dan 5 tema. Pengalaman petugas kesehatan dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas II Yogyakarta digambarkan melalui 5 tema, yaitu 1) tugas pokok dan fungsi dalam pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi di lembaga pemasyarakatan, 2) mekanisme pelayanan kesehatan khusus di lembaga pemasyarakatan terkait kesehatan reproduksi, 3) sikap profesional dan non-diskriminatif yang diterapkan berkaitan dengan lama kerja, 4) hambatan dalam aspek anggaran fasilitas, kualifikasi sumber daya manusia, dan rujukan, serta 5) gambaran penyakit reproduksi dan tantangan dalam pemberian pelayanan ke warga binaan.

Kesimpulan: Pengalaman petugas kesehatan di Lapas Kelas II Yogyakarta menunjukkan bahwa pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan tugas pokok dan fungsi secara profesional serta non-diskriminatif. Inkonsistensi peran masih ditemukan disertai berbagai hambatan, meliputi keterbatasan anggaran, fasilitas, kualifikasi sumber daya manusia, serta kendala dalam sistem rujukan. Rendahnya kesadaran dan kepatuhan warga binaan pemasyarakatan menunjukkan perlunya penguatan sistem dan peningkatan kualitas pelayanan. 

Background: Reproductive health services for prisoners still face challenges in the form of limited facilities, medical personnel, and institutional capacity. The fulfillment of prisoners'health rights, as stipulated in regulations, has not been optimally implemented. This situation requires an in-depth study of the experiences of health workers to improve the quality of services.

Objective: Exploring the description of reproductive health service provision in Yogyakarta Class II Penitentiary based on the experiences of health workers.

Methods: This exploratory descriptive qualitative research employs a phenomenological approach. The subjects were two doctors, seven nurses, two midwives, one dentist and one inmate selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected from November 10–25, 2025, at Class IIA and IIB Penitentiaries in Yogyakarta. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews and observations, then analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: 135 codes, 17 categories, and 5 themes were found. The experiences of health workers in providing reproductive health services at the Class II Yogyakarta Penitentiary are described through 5 themes, namely 1) the main tasks and functions in reproductive health services in correctional institutions, 2) the mechanisms of special health services in correctional institutions related to reproductive health, 3) professional and non-discriminatory attitudes applied in relation to length of service, 4) obstacles in the aspect of facility budget, human resource qualifications, and referrals, and 5) descriptions of reproductive diseases and challenges in providing services to inmates.

Conclusion: The experience of health workers at Yogyakarta's Class II Penitentiary demonstrates that reproductive health services have been implemented in accordance with their core duties and functions, in a professional and non-discriminatory manner. Role inconsistencies persist, accompanied by various obstacles, including limited budget, facilities, human resource qualifications, and constraints in the referral system. Low awareness and compliance among inmates demonstrates the need for system strengthening and improving service quality.

Kata Kunci : kesehatan reproduksi, lembaga pemasyarakatan, petugas kesehatan, warga binaan.