Evaluasi Kampung-Kampung Organik Di Kota Magelang Dalam Mendukung Pengelolaan Sampah Berkelanjutan: Kajian Pendekatan Lintas Sektoral

Rina Andriyaningrum, Ir. Agus Prasetya, M.Eng.Sc., Ph.D. ; Dr. Samsul Maarif, M.A

2026 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Lingkungan

Permasalahan persampahan perkotaan menjadi isu lingkungan prioritas di Kota Magelang seiring dengan pertambahan jumlah & aktivitas penduduk. Dominasi proporsi sampah organik mendorong Pemerintah Kota Magelang menginisiasi Program Kampung Organik sebagai upaya pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya, sebagian Kampung Organik mengalami penurunan aktivitas & menghadapi tantangan keberlanjutan program. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi Kampung Organik di Kota Magelang dari aspek lingkungan, sosial, dan ekonomi, mengidentifikasi faktor pendorong & penghambat keberlanjutan, serta merumuskan strategi melalui pendekatan kolaboratif lintas sektoral dalam mendukung pengelolaan sampah berkelanjutan.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan campuran (mixed-methods) dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Metode evaluasi keberlanjutan menggunakan Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) melalui pendekatan RAP-Waste yang mencakup aspek lingkungan, sosial, dan ekonomi. Selanjutnya, perumusan strategi keberlanjutan menggunakan analisis SWOT berdasarkan keterlibatan para pemangku kepentingan.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil evaluasi keberlanjutan Kampung Organik di Kota Magelang berada pada kategori cukup berkelanjutan, dengan variasi nilai indeks pada aspek lingkungan (49,87), sosial (40,75), dan ekonomi (38,49). Beberapa faktor yang mendukung keberlanjutan meliputi partisipasi aktif masyarakat, adanya monitoring & pendampingan, kerterlibatan stakeholder terkait, dukungan sarana prasarana, ketersediaan regulasi & kelembagan serta bantuan dana operasional. Sedangkan faktor yang menjadi tantangan keberlanjutan meliputi keterbatasan SDM & partisipasi masyarakat, lemahnya potensi regenerasi, ketidakpastian status lahan operasional, kurangnya monitoring, evaluasi serta pendampingan, regulasi teknis serta keterbatasan sarana prasarana & biaya operasional. Hasil analisis SWOT merekomendasikan empat skala prioritas strategi keberlanjutan yang menekankan pada: (i) penguatan partisipasi masyarakat melalui sistem kampung organik yang terintegrasi & didukung dengan kebijakan pemerintah; (ii) peningkatan kualitas & kapasitas SDM pengelola kampung organik; (iii) dukungan & pengembangan kemandirian ekonomi melalui ekonomi sirkular; (iv) serta jejaring koordinasi & komunikasi kampung organik. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar perumusan kebijakan dan pengembangan program Kampung Organik yang lebih berkelanjutan di Kota Magelang.

Urban solid waste management has become a priority environmental issue in Magelang City due to population growth and increasing human activities. The dominant proportion of organic waste has encouraged the Magelang City Government to initiate the Kampung Organik (Organic Village) Program as a community-based waste management strategy. However, during its implementation, several Organic Villages have experienced declining activities and face sustainability challenges. This study aims to evaluate the sustainability of the Organic Village Program in Magelang City from environmental, social, and economic perspectives, to identify driving and constraining factors affecting sustainability, and to formulate strategic recommendations through a cross-sectoral collaborative approach to support sustainable waste management.

This study employs a mixed-methods approach, with data collected through field observations, interviews, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The sustainability evaluation was conducted using Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) with the RAP-Waste approach, encompassing environmental, social, and economic dimensions. Furthermore, sustainability strategies were formulated using SWOT analysis based on stakeholder involvement.

The results indicate that the sustainability status of the Organic Village Program in Magelang City falls within the moderately sustainable category, with varying index values across dimensions: environmental (49.87), social (40.75), and economic (38.49). Supporting factors for sustainability include active community participation, monitoring and mentoring mechanisms, stakeholder involvement, availability of infrastructure, supportive regulations and institutional frameworks, as well as operational financial assistance. Conversely, sustainability challenges include limited human resources and community participation, weak regeneration potential, uncertainty regarding operational land status, insufficient monitoring, evaluation and mentoring, lack of technical regulations, and limited infrastructure and operational funding. The SWOT analysis recommends four priority sustainability strategies, emphasizing: (i) strengthening community participation through an integrated Organic Village system supported by government policies; (ii) improving the quality and capacity of human resources managing the Organic Village Program; (iii) supporting and developing economic self-reliance through circular economy initiatives; and (iv) enhancing coordination and communication networks among Organic Villages. This study is expected to serve as a foundation for policy formulation and the development of more sustainable Organic Village programs in Magelang City.

Kata Kunci : Kampung Organik, pengelolaan sampah berkelanjutan, Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) RAP-Waste, pendekatan lintas sektoral, Kota Magelang.