Pengaruh Perendaman Asam Hipoklorit terhadap Jumlah Bakteri Pembentuk Histamin pada Tuna Cube selama Penyimpanan

Kholid Satria, Indun Dewi Puspita, S.P., M.Sc., Ph.D., ; Dr. Ir. Latif Sahubawa, M.Si.,

2026 | Tesis | S2 ILMU PERIKANAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh perendaman asam hipoklorit (HOCl) terhadap penurunan jumlah BPH pada daging tuna cube selama penyimpanan, baik pada kondisi monospesies maupun multispesies, serta membandingkan efektivitas HOCl dengan natrium hipoklorit (NaOCl). Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan daging tuna sirip kuning (Thunnus albacares) yang diinokulasi dengan bakteri Morganella morganii TK07, Klebsiella pneumoniae CK 13.2, dan Raoultella ornithinolytica TN5. Perlakuan meliputi variasi konsentrasi dan lama perendaman HOCl, serta perbandingan dengan NaOCl selama penyimpanan pada suhu eksperimental 20°C. Parameter yang diamati meliputi Total Plate Count (TPC), kadar histamin, nilai pH, dan Total Volatile Base Nitrogen (TVB-N). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi HOCl berpengaruh terhadap penurunan jumlah BPH baik dalam kondisi monospesies maupun multispesies. Setelah diberi paparan HOCl, terlihat morfologi yang signifikan pada keempat perlakuan terutama pada Raoultella ornithinolytica TN5. Hasil analisis one-way ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa lama paparan HOCl berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase penurunan BPH pada model tuna cube (p<0>tuna cube berdasarkan pengujian TPC, TVB-N, dan kadar histamin.

Previous studies have successfully isolated HPB from several types of scombroide fish samples and tested them monospecifically. This study aims to examine the effect of Hypochlorous Acid (HOCl) immersion on reducing the number of HFB in tuna cube meat during storage, both in monospecific and multispecific conditions, as well as to compare the effectiveness of HOCl with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). The study was conducted using yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) meat inoculated with Morganella morganii TK07, Klebsiella pneumoniae CK 13.2, and Raoultella ornithinolytica TN5 bacteria. The treatments included variations in HOCl concentration and immersion time, as well as comparisons with NaOCl during storage at 20°C. The parameters observed included Total Plate Count (TPC), histamine content, pH value, and Total Volatile Base Nitrogen (TVB-N). The results showed that HOCl concentration affected the reduction in BPH numbers in both monospecific and multispecific conditions. After exposure to HOCl, significant morphological changes were observed in all four treatments, especially in Raoultella ornithinolytica TN5. The results of the one-way ANOVA analysis show that the duration of HOCl exposure significantly affects the percentage reduction in BPH in the tuna cube model (p<0>

Kata Kunci : disinfeksi, tuna cube, multispesies, HOCl, FE-SEM