Sintesis Senyawa Alil 4-Metilfenil Eter Epoksida dan Uji Aktivitasnya sebagai Antimalaria terhadap Plasmodium falciparum

Agustin Dewi Pradipta, Prof. Drs. Jumina, Ph.D.; Sugeng Triono, S.Si., M.Si.

2026 | Skripsi | KIMIA

Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis senyawa alil 4-metilfenil eter epoksida dan uji aktivitasnya terhadap Plasmodium falciparum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk sintesis senyawa epoksida turunan metilfenol. Senyawa alil 4-metilfenil eter disintesis melalui reaksi antara metilfenol dan alil bromida dalam pelarut DMF dengan basa K2CO3. Reaksi dilakukan pada suhu ruang selama 48 jam. Senyawa alil  4-metilfenil eter epoksida disintesis melalui reaksi epoksidasi antara alil 4-metilfenil eter dengan mCPBA dalam pelarut kloroform. Reaksi dilakukan dengan metode refluks pada suhu 65 °C dan dilanjutkan pengadukan suhu ruang selama 18 jam. Karakterisasi GC-MS, FTIR, 1H-NMR, dan 13C-NMR dilakukan pada senyawa alil 4-metilfenil eter dan alil 4-metilfenil eter epoksida. Uji aktivitas antimalaria dari senyawa alil 4-metilfenil eter epoksida dilakukan dengan metode in vitro terhadap Plasmodium falciparum FCR-3.

Sintesis alil 4-metilfenil eter menghasilkan produk dengan persen hasil 91?n alil 4-metilfenil eter epoksida menghasilkan persen hasil 52,6%. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antimalaria terhadap Plasmodium falciparum FCR-3 menghasilkan nilai IC50 sebesar 5,71 µg/mL. Berdasarkan nilai IC50 yang diperoleh, maka alil 4-metilfenil eter epoksida digolongkan sebagai senyawa dengan aktivitas antimalaria yang baik.

In this study, the synthesis of allyl 4-methylphenyl ether epoxide  and its antimalarial activity tests against Plasmodium falciparum were carried out. This study aims to synthesize methylphenol derivative epoxide compounds. Allyl 4-methylphenyl ether was synthesized through reaction between methylphenol and allyl bromide in DMF solvent with K2CO3 base. The reaction was carried out at room temperature for 48 hours. Allyl 4-methylphenyl ether epoxide was synthesized through an epoxidation reaction between allyl 4-methylphenyl ether and mCPBA in chloroform solvent. The reaction was carried out by refluxing at 65 °C and continued stirring at room temperature for 18 hours. GC-MS, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR characterization were performed on the allyl 4-methylphenyl ether and allyl 4-methylphenyl ether epoxide compounds. The antimalarial activity of the allyl 4-methylphenyl ether epoxide was tested in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum FCR-3.

The synthesis of allyl 4-methylphenyl ether produced a yield of 91%, while that of allyl 4-methylphenyl ether epoxide produced a yield of 52.6%. Antimalarial activity testing against Plasmodium falciparum FCR-3 resulted in an IC50 value of 5.71 µg/mL. Based on the IC50 value obtained, allyl 4-methylphenyl ether epoxide is classified as a compound with good antimalarial activity.

Kata Kunci : alil 4-metilfenil eter epoksida, antimalaria, epoksida, metilfenol, Plasmodium falciparum