ANALISIS TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENERIMAAN VAKSIN JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN

Dini Nur Dinayah, Prof. Dr. apt. Susi Ari Kristina, M.Kes

2026 | Skripsi | FARMASI

Japanese encephalitis (JE) merupakan penyakit infeksi akut sistem saraf pusat dengan angka kematian tinggi dan risiko kecacatan permanen, sehingga pencegahan melalui vaksinasi sangat penting, terutama di daerah endemis seperti Kabupaten Sleman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sosiodemografi, tingkat pengetahuan, dan persepsi masyarakat serta hubungannya dengan penerimaan vaksin JE di Kabupaten Sleman. 

Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan teknik convenience sampling pada 126 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur yang mencakup karakteristik sosiodemografi, tingkat pengetahuan tentang Japanese encephalitis (JE), persepsi terhadap penyakit dan vaksin JE, serta penerimaan vaksin JE pada anak. Data dianalisis untuk melihat hubungan antarvariabel menggunakan uji Chi-square atau Fisher’s exact test.

Hasil menunjukkan sebagian responden memiliki pengetahuan kurang mengenai JE, namun persepsi terhadap vaksin JE positif dan tingkat penerimaan vaksin JE sangat tinggi. Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara karakteristik sosiodemografi, pengetahuan, maupun persepsi dengan penerimaan vaksin JE. Kesimpulannya, penerimaan vaksin JE di Kabupaten Sleman sudah tinggi dan relatif merata, sehingga perlu upaya berkelanjutan untuk mempertahankan kepercayaan masyarakat dan penyampaian informasi terkait JE dan imunisasi.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an acute infectious disease of the central nervous system with high mortality and risk of permanent disability, making vaccination an essential preventive measure, particularly in endemic areas such as Sleman Regency. This study aimed to determine sociodemographic characteristics, levels of knowledge, and community perceptions and their associations with acceptance of the JE vaccine in Sleman Regency.

This study employed a cross-sectional design with convenience sampling involving 126 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of Japanese encephalitis, perceptions of the disease and the JE vaccine, and acceptance of JE vaccination for children. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test to assess associations between variables.

The results showed that a proportion of respondents had limited knowledge of JE, while perceptions toward the JE vaccine were positive and vaccine acceptance was very high. No significant associations were found between sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, or perceptions and acceptance of the JE vaccine. In conclusion, acceptance of the JE vaccine in Sleman Regency is high and relatively evenly distributed, indicating the need for sustained efforts to maintain public trust and strengthen information delivery regarding JE and immunization.

Kata Kunci : Japanese Encephalitis, Vaksin JE, Pengetahuan Masyarakat, Persepsi Masyarakat, Penerimaan Vaksin