Gambaran Pengetahuan dan Sikap Mahasiswa Kesehatan FK-KMK UGM terhadap Orang dengan Gangguan Jiwa

Dea Yashinta Amalia, Azam David Saifullah, S.Kep., Ns., M.Sc., Ph.D.; Dr. Ibrahim Rahmat, S.Kp., S.Pd., M.Kes

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Mahasiswa kesehatan sebagai calon tenaga kesehatan yang berperan penting dalam pelayanan dan pengurangan stigma terhadap ODGJ. Namun, sikap negatif terhadap ODGJ masih ditemukan, termasuk di kalangan mahasiswa kesehatan. Penelitian yang mengkaji pengetahuan dan sikap mahasiswa kesehatan terhadap ODGJ di Indonesia masih terbatas.

Tujuan Penelitian: Mengidentifikasi pengetahuan dan sikap mahasiswa kesehatan FK-KMK UGM terhadap orang dengan gangguan jiwa.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling didapatkan 330 responden berasal dari mahasiswa program studi S1 reguler di FK-KMK UGM. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire (MHKQ)  oleh Wang et al., (2013) dan  Mental Illness: Clinicians’ Attitude versi 4 (MICA-4) oleh Gabbidon et al., (2013). Analisis bivariat dilakukan menggunakan uji Spearman rank, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, independent t-test, dan uji ANOVA.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan median skor pengetahuan mahasiswa terhadap gangguan jiwa sebesar 10,0 (min-max = 4-13) dan median skor sikap mahasiswa terhadap ODGJ sebesar 45,0 (min-max = 21-66).  Perbedaan pengetahuan secara signifikan ditunjukkan berdasarkan usia, tingkatan mahasiswa dan pengalaman berinteraksi, sedangkan pada sikap terdapat perbedaan berdasarkan usia, program studi, tingkatan mahasiswa, serta pengalaman berinteraksi dengan ODGJ ( p < 0>

Kesimpulan: Mahasiswa S1 FK-KMK UGM memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang cenderung baik dan sikap yang cenderung positif terhadap ODGJ, dengan perbedaan bermakna berdasarkan usia, program studi, tahun angkatan, dan pengalaman berinteraksi. 

Background: Healthcare students, as future health professionals, play a critical role in the provision of mental health care and in reducing stigma toward PWMI. However, negative attitudes toward PWMI persist, including among healthcare students. Research examining the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare students toward PWMI in Indonesia remains limited.

Objective: This study aims to identify the knowledge and attitudes of health science students towards PWMI.

Method: This study employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The sample was selected using consecutive sampling, resulting in 330 respondents from undergraduate regular program students at the Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Data were collected using the Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire (MHKQ) by Wang et al. (2013) and the Mental Illness: Clinicians’ Attitude scale version 4 (MICA-4) by Gabbidon et al. (2013). Bivariate analysis was performed using Spearman rank, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, independent t-test, and ANOVA.

Results: The results indicated that the median knowledge score regarding mental disorders was 10.0 (min-max: 4–13), while the median attitude score was 45.0 (min-max: 21–66). Statistically significant differences in knowledge were found based on age, academic year, and interaction experience. Similarly, significant differences in attitudes were observed according to age, study program, academic year, and experience interacting with PWMI (p < 0>

Conclusion: Undergraduate students at FK-KMK UGM generally demonstrate good knowledge and positive attitudes toward people with mental disorders, with significant variations influenced by age, study program, year of study, and interaction experience.

Kata Kunci : orang dengan gangguan jiwa, pengetahuan, sikap