Kajian Administratif, Farmasetis, dan Klinis Resep Pada Pasien Tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Jetis Kota Yogyakarta

Miranda Rifka Calista, Prof. Dr. apt. Akhmad Kharis N, M.Si.; Dr. apt. Bondan Ardiningtyas, M.Sc.

2026 | Skripsi | FARMASI

Kajian administratif, farmasetis, dan klinis resep pasien tuberkulosis berperan pada keberhasilan terapi tuberkulosis. Kelengkapan resep yang dilihat secara administratif, farmasetis, dan klinis penting dilakukan untuk mencegah kesalahan peresepan. Namun, kejadian kesalahan peresepan masih terjadi, baik pada resep manual maupun elektronik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kelengkapan administratif, kesesuaian farmasetis, dan kesesuaian klinis resep, serta kesesuaian pemberian obat pada pasien tuberkulosis sesuai standar tatalaksana terapi tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Jetis Kota Yogyakarta sebagai bahan evaluasi praktik kefarmasian di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan primer.

Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif observasional non-eksperimental dengan data berupa resep pasien TB yang diperoleh secara retrospektif selama periode Januari-Juni 2025. Kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan lembar checklist untuk menilai kelengkapan administratif, kesesuaian farmasetis, dan kesesuaian klinis resep berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 74 Tahun 2016 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Puskesmas serta menilai kesesuaian pemberian obat terhadap tatalaksana pengobatan TB berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 67 Tahun 2016 tentang Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis. Kemudian resep dihitung jumlah yang memenuhi kelengkapan-kesesuaian resep dan kesesuaian pengobatan TB.

Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 90 resep pasien terdiagnosis TB di Puskesmas Jetis Kota Yogyakarta. Sebanyak 89 atau 98,89% resep memenuhi kelengkapan administratif yaitu nama, umur, jenis kelamin, dan berat badan pasien, nama dan paraf dokter, tanggal resep, dan ruangan atau unit asal resep. Sebanyak 73 atau 81,11% resep memenuhi kesesuaian farmasetis yaitu bentuk sediaan, kekuatan sediaan, jumlah obat, stabilitas, ketersediaan, aturan dan cara penggunaan, serta inkompatibilitas. Sebanyak 61 atau 67,78% resep memenuhi kesesuaian klinis yaitu ketepatan indikasi, dosis dan waktu penggunaan obat, duplikasi pengobatan, alergi, interaksi obat, efek samping obat, serta efek adiktif. Sebanyak 78 atau 86,67% resep memenuhi kesesuaian pemberian obat terhadap tatalaksana pengobatan TB yaitu pemberian kombinasi antibiotik obat antituberkulosis dan dosisnya. Kelengkapan-kesesuaian resep dan kesesuaian tatalaksana masih harus ditingkatkan supaya keberhasilan terapi TB di Puskesmas Jetis Kota Yogyakarta dapat tercapai secara maksimal.

Administrative, pharmaceutical, and clinical review of prescriptions for tuberculosis patients plays an important role in the success of tuberculosis therapy. Prescription completeness from administrative, pharmaceutical, and clinical perspectives is essential to prevent prescribing errors. However, prescribing errors still occur in both manual and electronic prescriptions. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the administrative, pharmaceutical, and clinical completeness of prescriptions and the appropriateness of drug therapy for TB patients against the standard TB treatment guidelines at the Jetis Community Health Center in Yogyakarta City, as an evaluation of pharmaceutical practices in primary healthcare facilities.

This research employed a non-experimental, observational descriptive design. Data were collected retrospectively from TB patient prescriptions issued between January and June 2025. The data were analyzed using a checklist sheet to assess the administrative completeness, pharmaceutical appropriateness, and clinical appropriateness of the prescriptions based on Minister of Health Regulation No. 74 of 2016 concerning Pharmaceutical Service Standards in Community Health Center. Furthermore, the appropriateness of the prescribed drug therapy was evaluated against the standard TB treatment guidelines stipulated in Minister of Health Regulation No. 67 of 2016 concerning Tuberculosis Control. The number of prescriptions fulfilling the completeness criteria and the suitability of TB treatment was then calculated.

The study analyzed 90 prescriptions from patients diagnosed with TB at Jetis Community Health Center, Yogyakarta City. The results showed that 89 prescriptions (98,89%) met the criteria for administrative completeness, which includes the patient's name, age, gender, and body weight; the doctor's name and initials; the prescription date; and the originating unit. The results showed that 73 prescriptions (81,11%) met the criteria for pharmaceutical appropriateness, which includes dosage form, strength, quantity, stability, availability, instructions for use, and incompatibilities. The results showed that 61 prescriptions (67,78%) met the criteria for clinical appropriateness, which includes accuracy of indications, drug dosage and duration, therapeutic duplication, allergy, drug interactions, side effects, and addictive potential effects. The results showed that 78 prescriptions (86,67%) complied with the standard TB treatment guidelines regarding the appropriate combination of antituberculosis antibiotics and their correct dosages. Prescription completeness-appropriateness and treatment guidelines appropriateness still need to be improved to achieve optimal tuberculosis therapy outcomes at Jetis Primary Health Care Center, Yogyakarta City.

Kata Kunci : tuberkulosis, kelengkapan administratif, kesesuaian farmasetis, kesesuaian klinis, kesesuaian tatalaksana terapi