Setengah penganggur terpaksa dan setengah penganggur sukarela di propinsi Jawa Barat Suatu analisis data Susenas 2006

Intani Widianingrum, Agus Joko Pitoyo,S.Si., M.A.

2009 | Skripsi | S1 GEOGRAFI DAN ILMU LINGKUNGAN

Pada saat ini jumlah setengah penganggur di Jawa Barat yang masih tinggi, menambah masalah ketenagakerjaan yang telah ada. Tujuan penelitian secara umum untuk menyajikan jumlah dan karakteristik setengah penganggur, termasuk setengah penganggur terpaksa dan setengah penganggur sukarela menurut jenis kelamin, kelompok usia, status perkawinan, pendidikan, dan status pekerjaan serta distribusinya menurut kabupaten/kota di Jawa Barat dengan pengelompokkan menurut Satuan Wilayah Pembangunan. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder utamanya Susenas tahun 2006. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis tabel silang yang diolah menggunakan program SPSS For Windows Version 15. Beberapa hal yang ditemukan dalam penelitian antara lain setengah penganggur laki-laki lebih tinggi dari perempuan. Setengah penganggur terpaksa (bersedia menerima pekerjaan) didominasi oleh pekerja laki-laki berumur menengah, berpendidikan SMA+, status kawin, status pekerjaan sektor informal. Setengah penganggur sukarela (tidak bersedia menerima pekerjaan) didominasi oleh pekerja perempuan, berumur menengah, berpendidikan rendah, status kawin, status pekerjaan sektor informal. Distribusi setengah penganggur terpaksa dan setengah penganggur sukarela menurut Satuan Wilayah Pembangunan, distribusi setengah penganggur terpaksa paling besar terdapat di WP III, Distribusi setengah penganggur sukarela paling besar terdapat di WP V. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa setengah penganggur terpaksa lebih tinggi daripada setengah penganggur sukarela. Kini yang perlu ditangani selanjutnya adalah setengah penganggur sukarela yang tidak bersedia menerima tawaran pekerjaan. Selain itu kebijakan Pemerintah di sektor ketenagakerjaan diharapkan dapat terlaksana dengan baik sehingga masalah ketenagakerjaan khususnya setengah penganggur dapat teratasi.

Nowadays, the number of underemployed in West Java, which is still in a high number, worsen the employment problem. In general, the purpose of this study is to present the number and the characteristic of underemployed, including forced underemployed and valuntary underemployed. This presentation is according to the gender, age, marital status, education, and occupation and the distribution of regencies/cities in West Java by grouping the Development Unit Areas. This research used Susenas 2006 as the main secondary data. The technique of data analysis used was cross tab analysis which was processed using SPSS For Windows Version 1.5. There were several finding of this research. One of them showed that the number of male underemployed was higher than female. The forced underemployed was dominated by middle aged male, with senior high school plus education, married status and jobs in informal sectors. Meanwhile, the valuntary underemployed was dominated by middle aged female, with junior high school plus education, married status and jobs in informal sectors. The distribution of forced underemployed and valuntary underemployed according to Development Unit Areas was that the largest distribution of forced underemployed was in Development Area III and the largest distribution of valuntary underemployed is in Development Area V. Based on the result of the research, the researcher concluded that the forced underemployed was higher than the valuntary underemployed. The major problem to solve now is the refusal of the valuntary underemployed toward the offered jobs. Besides, the Government's policy on the employment is expected to be conducted well so that employment problem especially underemployment can be solved.

Kata Kunci : Setengah Pengangggur, Angkatan Kerja, Satuan Wilayah Pembangunan,Underemployed, Labour Force, Development Unit Area