Aktivitas Enzim, Kandungan Nutrien dan Kecernaan secara In Vitro Bungkil Inti Sawit dengan Penambahan Enzim Mannanase pada Perbedaan Lama Simpan

Iqbal Arif Hidayatullah, Prof. Dr. Ir. Zuprizal, DEA., IPU., ASEAN Eng. ; Dr. Ir. Asih Kurniawati, S.Pt., M.Si., IPM.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penggunaan bungkil inti sawit (BIS) sebagai pakan ternak terbatas karena kandungan seratnya yang tinggi didominasi fraksi ?-mannan sehingga menyebabkan penurunan nilai kecernaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh suplementasi enzim mannanase dan lama simpan terhadap aktivitas enzim, komposisi nutrisi, dan kecernaan in vitro BIS pada sistem pencernaan ternak unggas dan ruminansia. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan dua faktor: penambahan mannanase (0 dan 1,5 g/kg pakan) dan lama simpan (0, 30, dan 60 hari), masing-masing dengan tiga ulangan. Variabel yang diukur meliputi pH dan suhu optimum enzim, aktivitas enzim, pH BIS selama penyimpanan, kandungan nutrien, serta kecernaan nutrien secara in vitro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mannanase memiliki aktivitas optimum pada pH 6 dan suhu 40°C. Penambahan enzim tidak mempengaruhi nilai seluruh kandungan nutrien BIS. Penambahan enzim meningkatkan aktivitas enzim dan kecernaan bahan kering, bahan organik, serta protein kasar secara in vitro pada unggas. Lama simpan berpengaruh terhadap kandungan bahan kering, bahan organik, dan ekstrak eter, serta kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik secara in vitro pada ruminansia yang menurun seiring bertambahnya lama simpan. Interaksi antara suplementasi enzim dan lama simpan 30 hari meningkatkan kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik secara in vitro pada non-ruminansia. Namun, penambahan enzim dan lama simpan tidak memperbaiki kualitas BIS untuk ruminansia berdasarkan kecernaan nutrisi in vitro. Kesimpulannya, suplementasi mannanase 1,5 g/kg BIS dengan lama simpan hingga 30 hari dapat meningkatkan kecernaan bahan kering, bahan organik, protein kasar dan aktivitas enzim.

The utilization of palm kernel cake (PKC) as animal feed is limited due to its high fiber content, particularly ?-mannan, which reduces nutrient digestibility. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mannanase enzyme supplementation and storage duration on enzyme activity, nutrient composition, and in vitro digestibility of PKC in poultry and ruminant digestive systems. A factorial completely randomized design was used with two factors: mannanase supplementation (0 and 1.5 g/kg feed) and storage duration (0, 30, and 60 days), each with three replications. The measured variables included optimal pH and temperature of the enzyme, enzyme activity, PKC pH during storage, nutrient content, and in vitro nutrient digestibility. The results showed that mannanase had optimal activity at pH 6 and 40°C. Enzyme supplementation increased enzyme activity and in vitro dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein digestibility in poultry. Storage duration affected dry matter, organic matter, and ether extract contents, as well as in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility in ruminants, which decreased with longer storage. The interaction between enzyme supplementation and 30-day storage increased in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility in poultry. However, enzyme supplementation and storage duration did not improve the quality of PKC for ruminants based on in vitro nutrient digestibility. In conclusion, supplementing 1.5 g mannanase per kg PKC with storage up to 30 days can increase dry matter, organic matter digestibility, and enzyme activity, making it suitable for poultry feed.

Kata Kunci : Bungkil inti sawit, in vitro, Lama simpan, Mannanase, Nutrien.