Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Penerimaan Imunisasi Japanese Encephalitis di Kabupaten Kulon Progo

Betarina Dwi Kesawa Widha, apt. Anna Wahyuni Widiyanti, M.P.H., Ph,D.

2025 | Skripsi | FARMASI

Japanese Encephalitis (JE) adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus dan dapat mengakibatkan peradangan otak dengan risiko kecacatan bahkan kematian, terutama pada anak-anak. Imunisasi merupakan langkah pencegahan yang paling efektif, khususnya di daerah endemis seperti Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan, sikap, dan penerimaan responden terhadap imunisasi JE, serta menganalisis hubungan karakteristik sosiodemografi, pengetahuan, dan sikap terhadap penerimaan.

Penelitian dirancang dengan pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan metode cross-sectional dengan 120 responden ibu hamil dan orang tua yang memiliki anak usia <9>

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 26,7% responden memiliki pengetahuan baik, 62,5% memiliki sikap positif, dan 98,3 ?rsedia menerima imunisasi. Pekerjaan utama serta paparan informasi mengenai virus dan imunisasi JE berhubungan dengan pengetahuan, sedangkan tingkat pendidikan berhubungan dengan sikap, serta tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan dan sikap. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik sosiodemografi, pengetahuan, dan sikap tidak memengaruhi penerimaan imunisasi JE di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. 

Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is a viral infection that can cause brain inflammation, leading to disability or even death, particularly among children. Immunization is the most effective preventive measure, especially in endemic areas such as Kulon Progo Regency. This study aims to describe respondents’ knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance of JE immunization among respondents, as well as to examine the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, and attitudes with immunization acceptance. 

This research employed a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design involving 120 respondents, consisting of pregnant women and parents with children under nine months of age. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using chi-square tests and Fisher’s Exact tests. 

The study found that 26.7% of respondents had good knowledge, 62.5% had positive attitudes, and 98.3% were willing to accept JE immunization. Employment status and prior exposure to information about JE and its vaccine were significantly associated with knowledge, while education level was associated with attitudes. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between knowledge and attitudes. The findings also showed that sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, and attitudes did not influence JE immunization acceptance in Kulon Progo Regency.

Kata Kunci : Japanese Encephalitis, imunisasi, pengetahuan, sikap, penerimaan