Studi Pengaruh Pelapisan Kitosan-Curcumin Pada Permukaan Titanium Terhadap Pembentukan Biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Syahrina Rizqy Choirunnisa, drg. Heribertus Dedy Kusuma Y., M. Biotech., Ph.D. ; dr. Dyah Listyarifah, M.Sc., D.Med.Sci; drg. Aryan Morita, M.Sc., Ph.D

2025 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER GIGI

Titanium merupakan material implan gigi yang banyak digunakan karena memiliki biokompatibilitas dan osseointegrasi yang baik. Namun, permukaan titanium rentan terhadap kolonisasi bakteri yang menyebabkan pembentukan biofilm, mengakibatkan infeksi peri-implantitis dengan prevalensi 22?n laju kegagalan implan 8,78% per tahun. Pseudomonas aeruginosa sebagai bakteri oportunistik multidrug-resistant menjadi patogen utama yang sulit dieradikasi karena kemampuannya membentuk biofilm. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pelapisan kitosan-curcumin pada permukaan titanium dalam menghambat pembentukan biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Penelitian eksperimental laboratoris ini menggunakan tiga kelompok: kelompok I (titanium tanpa pelapisan), kelompok II (kitosan), dan kelompok (kitosan-curcumin) dengan masing-masing 4 sampel. Pelapisan dilakukan dengan metode layer-by-layer teknik celup, diawali lapisan polietilenimia (PEI) sebagai dasar adhesi antara titanium-kitosan. Sampel titanium (n=12) direndam dalam suspensi Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan diinkubasi 37°C selama 24 jam. Penghambatan biofilm diukur menggunakan crystal violet assay dengan spektrofotometer panjang gelombang 540 nm. Data dianalisis statistik untuk membandingkan penghambatan biofilm antar kelompok perlakuan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelapisan kitosan-curcumin menghasilkan penghambatan biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa tertinggi dengan penurunan densitas optik yang signifikan secara statistik (p<0>

Titanium is widely used as a dental implant material due to its favorable biocompatibility and osseointegration properties. However, titanium surfaces are susceptible to bacterial colonization, leading to biofilm formation and resulting in peri-implantitis, with a reported prevalence of 22% and an implant failure rate of 8.78% per year. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic multidrug-resistant bacterium, has been identified as a major pathogen that is difficult to eradicate because of its strong biofilm-forming ability. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chitosan–curcumin coating on titanium surfaces in inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation.
This experimental laboratory study was conducted using three groups: Group I (uncoated titanium), Group II (chitosan coating), and Group III (chitosan– curcumin coating), with four samples in each group. The coating process was performed using the layer-by-layer dip-coating technique, initiated with a polyethyleneimine (PEI) layer as a base to enhance adhesion between titanium and chitosan. Titanium samples (n = 12) were immersed in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa suspension and incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours. Biofilm inhibition was assessed using the crystal violet assay and measured with a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 540 nm. Statistical analysis was performed to compare biofilm inhibition among the treatment groups.
The results of the study demonstrated that the chitosan–curcumin coating produced the highest inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation, as indicated by a statistically significant reduction in optical density values (p < 0>

Kata Kunci : titanium, biofilm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, chitosan, curcumin