PERBEDAAN ASIMETRI VERTIKAL KONDILUS MENGGUNAKAN INDEKS HABETS BERDASARKAN ANGULASI IMPAKSI MOLAR TIGA MANDIBULA (Kajian pada Radiograf Panoramik di RSGM UGM Prof. Soedomo)

Safa Nariswari Perdhani, Dr. drg. Rini Widyaningrum, M. Biotech, Sp. RKG; drg. Pingky Krisna Arindra, Sp.B.M.M. Subsp.Ped.O.M.(K)

2025 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER GIGI

Impaksi molar tiga mandibula memiliki prevalensi yang tinggi dengan angulasi yang variatif yang dapat dikelompokkan berdasarkan klasifikasi Winter. Impaksi molar tiga mandibula berpotensi menyebabkan gangguan oklusi, temporo mandibular joint (TMJ), dan asimetri vertikal kondilus (AVK).  AVK merupakan ketidakseimbangan kedua kondilus yang diukur pada radiograf panoramik menggunakan indeks Habets. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan AVK menggunakan indeks Habets pada berbagai kelompok angulasi impaksi molar tiga mandibula.

Radiograf panoramik dari 186 pasien usia 17-50 tahun diperoleh secara retrospektif dari RSGM UGM Prof. Soedomo periode 2022-2025. Pengukuran AVK menggunakan indeks Habets dan penentuan angulasi Winter gigi 38 dan 48 pada radiograf panoramik dilakukan secara digital menggunakan software Ez Dent-I Vatech.

AVK dengan indeks Habets >6% ditemukan pada 62,9% sampel. Hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan pada gigi 38 tidak terdapat perbedaan AVK bermakna (p>0,05), sedangkan pada gigi 48 terdapat perbedaan AVK bermakna (p<0>

Mandibular third molar impaction has a high prevalence, and its angulation can be classified using Winter’s classification. Mandibular third molar impaction may cause occlusal disturbances, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and vertical condylar asymmetry (VCA). VCA refers to an imbalance between the two condyles and can be assessed on panoramic radiographs using the Habets index. This study aimed to evaluate differences in VCA, measured using the Habets index, among various angulation groups of mandibular third molar impaction.

Panoramic radiographs of 186 patients aged 17–50 years were obtained retrospectively from Prof. Soedomo Dental Hospital, Universitas Gadjah Mada, between 2022 and 2025. VCA measurement using the Habets index and determination of Winter’s angulation for teeth 38 and 48 were performed digitally on panoramic radiographs using EzDent-I Vatech software.

VCA with a Habets index >6% was found in 62.9% of the samples. The Kruskal–Wallis test showed no significant differences in VCA among Winter’s angulation groups for tooth 38 (p>0.05), whereas significant differences were observed for tooth 48 (p<0> between the two condylar sides may be influenced by masticatory patterns, genetic factors, and systemic conditions that were not included in this study.

Kata Kunci : impaksi, molar tiga, angulasi, asimetri, kondilus, panoramik