TEMUAN BARU SERANGAN Bactrocera dorsalis PADA KOPI ROBUSTA DI KABUPATEN PASURUAN, JAWA TIMUR, INDONESIA

Agis Fauzi Gufron, Prof. Dr. Ir. FX. Wagiman, S.U.; Dr. Suputa, S.P., M.P.

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU HAMA & PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis hama baru, tanda dan intensitas serangan pada buah kopi robusta (Coffea canephora). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Agustus–September 2025 di kebun kopi rakyat seluas ±20 hektare pada ketinggian 1.200–1.400 m dpl di Desa Jatiarjo, Kecamatan Prigen, Kabupaten Pasuruan, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Metode teknik sampling transek diterapkan untuk mengambil 30 pohon sampel. Buah kopi warna hijau kuning dan merah dari lima cabang pada arah Utara, Timur, Selatan, Barat dan Atas pada setiap pohon sampel diambil sebanyak 6 buah sehingga total 900 buah. Tanda dan intensitas serangan serta identifikasi hama baru buah kopi dilakukan di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa insiden serangan hama baru pada buah kopi Robusta di Desa Jatiarjo, Kecamatan Prigen, Kabupaten Pasuruan, adalah lalat buah kopi jenis Bactrocera dorsalis (Tephritidae: Diptera). Larva lalat merusak kulit buah kopi menyebabkan buah lunak, kering, menghitam, dan rontok. Tanda serangan berupa lubang kecil pada permukaan buah, warna kehitaman di sekitar area serangan, buah lunak, kering, menghitam. Intensitas serangan lalat buah kopi seluruh kebun sebesar 3,33%, termasuk kategori ringan. Intensitas serangan dipengaruhi signifikan oleh tingkat kematangan buah kopi, buah merah paling rentan diserang daripada buah kuning dan hijau.

This study aimed to identify the newly emerging pest species, describe the symptoms, and measure the intensity of infestation on robusta coffee fruits (Coffea canephora). The research was conducted from August to September 2025 in a 20-hectare community coffee plantation located at an altitude of 1,200–1,400 m above sea level in Jatiarjo Village, Prigen District, Pasuruan Regency, East Java. A transect sampling method was applied to select 30 sample trees. From each tree, six fruits representing green, yellow, and red maturity stages were collected from five branches facing the north, east, south, west, and upper canopy, yielding a total of 900 fruits. Symptom observation, infestation intensity assessment, and pest identification were performed in the laboratory. The results showed that the pest causing damage to robusta coffee fruits in Jatiarjo Village was the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Tephritidae: Diptera). The larvae damaged the fruit skin and internal tissues, causing softening, drying, darkening, and premature fruit drop. Symptoms of infestation included small puncture holes on the fruit surface, dark discoloration around the affected area, and fruit softening and desiccation. The overall infestation intensity across the plantation was 3.33%, categorized as mild. Fruit maturity significantly influenced the level of attack, with red fruits being the most susceptible compared to yellow and green fruits.

Kata Kunci : Bactrocera dorsalis, buah kopi, identifikasi, intensitas serangan, Jatiarjo, lalat buah, Pasuruan, robusta, Tephritidae.