PENGARUH PENCAMPURAN HIDROGEL KOLAGEN-KITOSAN DENGAN INJECTABLE PLATELET-RICH FIBRIN TERHADAP MORFOLOGI PORI BAHAN REGENERATIF PERIODONTAL (Kajian dengan Scanning Electron Microscope)

ARDIAN SARI RAKHMAWATI, drg. Kwartarini Murdiastuti, Sp.Perio(K), Ph.D ; drg. Sri Pramestri Lastianny, MS., Sp. Perio (K)

2025 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Gigi Klinik

Regenerasi jaringan periodontal adalah salah satu tantangan dalam perawatan

periodontitis. Keberhasilan rekayasa jaringan periodontal sangat bergantung pada

biomaterial perancah (scaffold) yang memiliki karakteristik morfologi pori seperti

ukuran pori, porositas, dan interkonektivitas yang dapat mendukung migrasi sel,

difusi nutrisi, dan pembentukan jaringan baru. Hidrogel kolagen-kitosan

merupakan biomaterial dengan biokompatibilitas dan porositas tinggi, sementara

injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) merupakan konsentrat autologous yang kaya

growth factor dan memiliki kemampuan regeneratif. Kombinasi kedua bahan

tersebut diperkirakan dapat memodifikasi struktur mikro scaffold dan

meningkatkan potensi regeneratifnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui

pengaruh pencampuran hidrogel kolagen-kitosan dengan i-PRF terhadap morfologi

pori bahan regeneratif periodontal melalui pengamatan dengan Scanning Electron

Microscope (SEM).

Sebanyak 27 sampel dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu hidrogel kolagen

kitosan, i-PRF dan hidrogel kolagen-kitosan + i-PRF. Setiap sampel dianalisis

ukuran pori (µm) dan porositas (%) menggunakan perangkat lunak ImageJ melalui

segmentasi citra SEM. Data diuji normalitas dengan Shapiro–Wilk dan

homogenitas varians dengan Levene Test. Ukuran pori dianalisis menggunakan

Welch ANOVA dan post hoc Games–Howell. Porositas dianalisis menggunakan

One Way ANOVA dan uji lanjut Tukey HSD.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan (p < 0>

ukuran pori dan porositas antar kelompok. Hidrogel kolagen-kitosan

memperlihatkan ukuran pori paling besar, i-PRF memiliki ukuran pori paling kecil,

dan hidrogel kolagen-kitosan + i-PRF menunjukkan ukuran pori yang berada di

antara kedua kelompok tersebut. Pada aspek porositas, hidrogel kolagen-kitosan

menunjukkan nilai paling rendah, i-PRF memberikan nilai paling tinggi, sementara

hidrogel kolagen-kitosan + i-PRF memperlihatkan porositas menengah. Uji post

hoc Games–Howell dan Tukey HSD menyatakan bahwa seluruh kelompok berbeda

signifikan satu sama lain. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pencampuran hidrogel

kolagen-kitosan dengan i-PRF berpengaruh mengurangi ukuran pori dan

meningkatkan porositas bahan regeneratif periodontal.

Periodontal tissue regeneration is a challenge in periodontitis treatment. The

success of periodontal tissue engineering relies heavily on scaffold biomaterials

with pore morphological characteristics such as pore size, porosity, and

interconnectivity that can support cell migration, nutrient diffusion, and new tissue

formation. Collagen–chitosan hydrogel is a biomaterial with high biocompatibility

and porosity, while injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) is an autologous

concentrate rich in growth factors and possesses regenerative properties. The

combination of these two materials is expected to modify the scaffold

microstructure and enhance its regenerative potential. This study aimed to

determine the effect of mixing collagen–chitosan hydrogel with i-PRF on the pore

morphology of periodontal regenerative materials through Scanning Electron

Microscope (SEM) observations.

A total of 27 samples were divided into three groups: collagen–chitosan

hydrogel, i-PRF, and collagen–chitosan hydrogel + i-PRF. Each sample was

analyzed for pore size (µm) and porosity (%) using ImageJ software through SEM

image segmentation. Data were tested for normality using the Shapiro–Wilk test

and for homogeneity of variance using the Levene test. Pore size was analyzed using

Welch's ANOVA and the Games–Howell post hoc test. Porosity was analyzed using

one-way ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test.

The results showed significant differences (p < 0>

between groups. The collagen–chitosan hydrogel showed the largest pore size, the

i-PRF hydrogel showed the smallest pore size, and the collagen–chitosan hydrogel

+ i-PRF hydrogel showed pore sizes intermediate between the two groups. In terms

of porosity, the collagen–chitosan hydrogel showed the lowest value, the i-PRF

hydrogel showed the highest value, while the collagen–chitosan hydrogel + i-PRF

hydrogel showed intermediate porosity. The Games–Howell post hoc test and the

Tukey HSD test confirmed that all groups were significantly different from each

other. The conclusion of this study is that mixing collagen–chitosan hydrogel with

i-PRF has an effect on has the effect of reducing pore size and increasing the

porosity of periodontal regenerative materials.

Kata Kunci : hidrogel kolagen-kitosan, i-PRF, morfologi pori, regenerasi periodontal, SEM