Pengaruh Lama Paparan Gel Ekstrak Bawang Putih (Allium Sativum L.) 20 % Terhadap Ekspresi Interleukin-10 Pada Lesi Periapikal Gigi (Kajian Dengan Metode LSTR Pada Tikus Sprague Dawley)
Ade Ratu Mas Saraswati, Dr. drg. Indra Bramanti. MSc, Sp. KGA (K-PKOA);Prof.Dr.Drg.Al.Supartinah,Sp.KGA (K-PKOA)
2025 | Tesis-Spesialis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Gigi Anak
Karies gigi pada anak-anak yang tidak dirawat dapat berkembang menjadi infeksi pulpa memicu inflamasi pada jaringan periapikal. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) memiliki fungsi antiinflamasi. Gel ekstrak bawang putih (GEBP) 20% (Allium sativum L.) mengandung senyawa allicin dan flavonoid yang terbukti mempunyai sifat antibakteri dan antiinflamasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi GEBP 20% terhadap ekspresi IL-10 pada lesi periapikal gigi tikus Sprague Dawley berdasarkan lama paparan.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah post-test only control group design dengan 27 sampel gigi molar tikus yang dilakukan perforasi kamar pulpa dan diinjeksi LPS E. coli. Subjek dibagi kelompok perlakuan yaitu (basis gel, GEBP 20?n Triple Antibiotic Paste (TAP)). Setiap kelompok diaplikasikan bahan uji sebanyak 0,05 ml dan ditambal dengan semen glass ionomer. Pada hari ke-1,3 dan 5 setelah aplikasi bahan uji dilakukan dekapitasi sesuai kelompoknya. Pewarnaan preparate dengan immunohistochemistry. Pengamatan ekpresi IL-10 menggunakan mikroskop cahaya perbesaran 400x diolah dengan software imageJ, hasil dalam bentuk presentase. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji two-way ANOVA dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% diikuti uji Post-Hoc (LSD).
Persentase area dengan ekspresi IL-10 tertinggi ditemukan pada lama paparan 3 hari pada kelompok TAP (88.00 ± 3.00) GEBP 20%(83.67 ± 3.51), dan basis gel (61.00 ± 2.65). Persentase terendah ditemukan pada kontrol negatif dengan paparan 5 hari (55.33 ± 2.52). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok perlakuan dan lama paparan terhadap ekspresi IL-10. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah GEBP 20% mampu meningkatkan ekspresi IL-10 dengan efektivitas yang sebanding dengan TAP.
Untreated dental caries in children can progress to pulp infection and trigger periapical inflammation. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in regulating immune responses and tissue healing. Garlic extract gel (GEG) 20% (Allium sativum L.) contains active compounds such as allicin and flavonoids, which have been reported to possess antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 20% GEG application on IL-10 expression in periapical tissues of Sprague Dawley rats based on exposure duration.
This research was conducted using a post-test only control group design with 27 rat molar teeth that underwent pulp chamber perforation and induction with E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Subjects were divided into three treatment groups: base gel, 20% GEG, and Triple Antibiotic Paste (TAP). Each material was applied in a volume of 0.05 ml and sealed with glass ionomer cement. Rats were sacrificed on days 1, 3, and 5 according to the groups. The specimens were processed with immunohistochemistry staining, and IL-10 expression was observed under a light microscope at 400× magnification. Image analysis was performed using ImageJ software, and data were expressed as percentages. Statistical analysis was carried out with two-way ANOVA at a 95% confidence level, followed by a Post-Hoc LSD test.
The results showed that the highest percentage of IL-10 expression was found on day 3 in the TAP group (88.00 ± 3.00), followed by the 20% GEG group (83.67 ± 3.51) and the base gel group (61.00 ± 2.65). The lowest expression was observed in the negative control group on day 5 (55.33 ± 2.52). There were significant differences among treatment groups and exposure times.In conclusion, the application of 20% GEG increased IL-10 expression in periapical tissues, with effectiveness comparable to TAP.
Kata Kunci : gel ekstrak bawang putih 20%, lama paparan, ekspresi IL-10
