Representasi Kehidupan Sufi di Timur Tengah dalam Novel Maut ?agh?r Karya Mohammed Hasan Alwan: Analisis Representasi Budaya Stuart Hall
Trevina Wigianiska, Prof. Dr. Sangidu, M.Hum.
2025 | Tesis | S2 Sastra/Kajian Timur Tengah
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap konstruksi nilai-nilai spiritual tasawuf dalam novel Maut ?agh?r karya Mohammed Hasan Alwan dengan menggunakan kerangka Teori Representasi Budaya Stuart Hall. Fokus utama penelitian diarahkan untuk menelaah bagaimana biografi tokoh sufi Muhyiddin Ibn ‘Arabi direkonstruksi sebagai intervensi budaya dalam merespons isu identitas dan otoritas keagamaan di Timur Tengah kontemporer.
Metode deskriptif-analitis dengan pendekatan konstruksionis diterapkan untuk membedah strategi naratif pengarang. Langkah analisis dilakukan dengan membongkar praktik penandaan (signifying practices) dan mekanisme oposisi biner dalam teks, mulai dari simbolisme perjalanan hingga negosiasi makna dalam konteks relasi kuasa.
Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa novel Maut ?agh?r mengonstruksi perjalanan fisik (safar) sebagai analogi proses penyucian jiwa (tazkiyat al-nafs). Identitas sufi dibangun melalui mekanisme oposisi biner, di mana zuhud dan fan?’ dihadirkan sebagai bentuk resistensi moral terhadap materialisme kekuasaan serta formalisme kaku kaum fikih. Novel ini juga mendekonstruksi epistemologi rasional dengan menempatkan visi spiritual sebagai sumber pengetahuan otoritatif. Secara kontekstual, karya ini memosisikan tasawuf sebagai warisan budaya global yang mendekonstruksi stereotip kekerasan Timur Tengah dan menawarkan kontra-narasi terhadap puritanisme.
Kata Kunci: Ibn ‘Arabi, Maut ?agh?r, Representasi, Stuart Hall, Sufisme.
This study aims to reveal the construction of Sufi spiritual values in the novel Maut ?agh?r by Mohammed Hasan Alwan using the framework of Stuart Hall's Cultural Representation Theory. The primary focus of the research is directed at examining how the biography of the Sufi figure Muhyiddin Ibn ‘Arabi is reconstructed as a cultural intervention in responding to issues of identity and religious authority in the contemporary Middle East.
A descriptive-analytical method with a constructionist approach is applied to dissect the author's narrative strategies. The analysis is conducted by dismantling signifying practices and binary opposition mechanisms within the text, ranging from travel symbolism to the negotiation of meaning within the context of power relations.
The research findings indicate that the novel Maut ?agh?r constructs the physical journey (safar) as an analogy for the soul's purification process (tazkiyat al-nafs). Sufi identity is built through binary opposition mechanisms, where zuhud and fan?’ are presented as forms of moral resistance against the materialism of power and the rigid formalism of jurists. The novel also deconstructs rational epistemology by positioning spiritual vision as an authoritative source of knowledge. Contextually, this work positions Sufism as a global cultural heritage that deconstructs stereotypes of Middle Eastern violence and offers a counter-narrative to puritanism.
Keywords: Ibn ‘Arabi, Maut ?agh?r, Representation, Stuart Hall, Sufism.
Kata Kunci : Ibn ‘Arabi, Maut ?agh?r, Representasi, Stuart Hall, Sufisme.