PENGARUH PENUAAN TERHADAP TIPE KEGAGALAN RESTORASI RESIN KOMPOSIT DENGAN PENGUAT FIBER PADA KAVITAS KELAS II

Putri Amalia Arin, drg. Margareta Rinastiti, M.Kes., Sp.KG., Sub.Sp.KR.(K), Ph.D.

2025 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER GIGI

Fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) adalah material restorasi yang dirancang untuk meningkatkan ketahanan terhadap tekanan dan kerusakan, terutama pada kavitas yang menerima beban besar, seperti kavitas kelas II. Material ini dapat mengalami penuaan akibat paparan berbagai substrat dan kondisi rongga mulut, seperti air dan fluktuasi suhu. Penuaan tersebut berpotensi menurunkan kekuatan dan ketahanan yang dimiliki material FRC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penuaan terhadap tipe kegagalan restorasi resin komposit dengan penguat fiber pada kavitas kelas II setelah dilakukan uji tekan

Spesimen terdiri dari 20 gigi premolar rahang atas ditanam dalam cakram akrilik dan dipreparasi membentuk kavitas kelas II di bagian mesial. Seluruh bagian kavitas direstorasi menggunakan short fiber-reinforced composite selanjutnya spesimen dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan menerima thermocycling bersuhu 5 °C dan 55 °C dengan masing-masing perendaman selama 30 detik sebanyak 2500 siklus. Seluruh spesimen diberi tekanan menggunakan Universal Testing Machine hingga terjadi fraktur kemudian diamati menggunakan mikroskop stereo untuk memeroleh tipe kegagalan.

Hasil uji Fisher’s Exact menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan thermocycling memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap distribusi tipe kegagalan (p< 0 xss=removed> dan kelompok perlakuan. Hasil analisis estimasi risiko menunjukkan bahwa thermocycling meningkatkan risiko fraktur unfavorable hingga 36 kali lipat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penuaan berpengaruh terhadap tipe kegagalan restorasi resin komposit yang diperkuat fiber pada kavitas kelas II.

Fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) is a restorative material designed to improve resistance to pressure and damage, especially in cavities that bear heavy loads, such as class II cavities. This material can undergo aging due to exposure to various substrates and oral cavity conditions, such as water and temperature fluctuations. Such aging has the potential to reduce the strength and durability of FRC materials. This study aims to determine the effect of aging on the type of failure of fiber-reinforced composite resin restorations in class II cavities after a compression test.

The specimens consisted of 20 upper jaw premolar teeth embedded in acrylic discs and prepared to form class II cavities on the mesial side. The entire cavity was restored using short fiber-reinforced composite, and then the specimens were divided into 2 groups: the treatment group and the control group. The treatment group underwent thermocycling at temperatures of 5 °C and 55 °C, with each immersion lasting 30 seconds, for a total of 2500 cycles. All specimens were subjected to pressure using a Universal Testing Machine until fracture occurred, then observed under a stereomicroscope to determine the type of failure.

The results of Fisher’s Exact test showed that thermocycling treatment has a significant relationship with the distribution of failure types (p < 0.05), and there was a significant difference in the frequency distribution of failure types between the control group and the treatment group. The risk estimation analysis results indicated that thermocycling increases the risk of unfavorable fractures by up to 36 times. The conclusion of this study is that aging affects the type of failure in fiber- reinforced composite resin restorations in class II cavities.

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci: fiber-reinforced composite (FRC), thermocycling, degradasi, tipe kegagalan