Peran Intensitas Penggunaan Tiktok terhadap Self-Esteem Emerging Adult dengan Upward Social Comparison sebagai Variabel Mediator

Dharmesta Rasendriya Jananuraga, Dr. rer. pol. Bhina Patria, M.A.

2025 | Skripsi | PSIKOLOGI

Emerging adulthood merupakan fase perkembangan yang ditandai dengan eksplorasi identitas, ketidakstabilan hidup, dan pembentukan konsep diri. Dalam proses tersebut, self-esteem berperan penting untuk mencapai tujuan perkembangan emerging adult. Namun, pada fase ini self-esteem memiliki kerentanan terhadap berbagai pengaruh eksternal, salah satunya upward social comparison dalam media sosial. TikTok sebagai media sosial yang populer di kalangan emerging adult memungkinkan pengguna untuk terlibat dalam upward social comparison yang berlebihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran intensitas penggunaan TikTok terhadap self-esteem dengan dimediasi oleh upward social comparison. Data dikumpulkan melalui purposive sampling terhadap pengguna TikTok di Indonesia dalam fase emerging adulthood (18-25 tahun). Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan meliputi Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Upward Social Comparison Scale, dan The Facebook Intensity Scale. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan PROCESS macro dengan metode bootstrapping. Upward Social Comparison memediasi hubungan antara intensitas media sosial TikTok dan self-esteem individu dalam fase emerging adulthood.

Emerging adulthood is a developmental phase characterized by identity exploration, life instability, and the formation of self-concept. In this process, self-esteem plays a crucial role in achieving the developmental goals of emerging adults. However, during this phase, self-esteem is vulnerable to various external influences, one of which is upward social comparison on social media. TikTok, as a popular social media platform among emerging adults, enables users to engage in excessive upward social comparison. This study aims to examine the role of TikTok usage intensity on self-esteem, mediated by upward social comparison. Data were collected through purposive sampling of TikTok users in Indonesia who are in the emerging adulthood phase (18-25 years old). The instruments used in this study include Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Upward Social Comparison Scale, and The Facebook Intensity Scale. Data analysis was conducted using the PROCESS macro with the bootstrapping method. The findings reveal an indirect-only mediation effect of upward social comparison on the relationship between TikTok usage intensity and self-esteem among individuals in emerging adulthood.

Kata Kunci : emerging adulthood, upward social comparison, self-esteem, TikTok