Kajian model lubang perforasi untuk meminimalisasi penyumbatan pipa fluidisasi

TRIYANTO, Joko, Prof.Ir. Nur Yuwono, Dip.He.,Ph.D

2005 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Sipil

Teknologi fluidisasi telah digunakan oleh US Army Corps of Engineer untuk pemeliharaan alur Pelabuhan Ana Maria Florida tahun 1986 dan proyek sand by passing di Oseanide California tahun 1990. Namun setelah beroperasi beberapa tahun, saat ini kedua proyek tersebut berhenti beroperasi karena mengalami penyumbatan (clogging) pada sistem lubang perforasi dan pipa fluidisasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari model lubang perforasi yang dapat meminimalisasi penyumbatan pada pipa fluidisasi. Pengujian model lubang perforasi dilakukan untuk empat buah prototip model, yaitu model WL (Weisman dan Lennon) yang sekarang ini dipakai, model lubang perforasi Tipe I, model lubang perforasi Tipe II dan model lubang perforasi Tipe III. Penilaian efektifitas model lubang perforasi didasarkan pada jumlah sedimen yang masuk ke dalam pipa fluidisasi dan lebar alur yang terbentuk akibat fluidisasi. Penilaian terbaik didasarkan pada jumlah sedimen (q*) yang masuk pipa fluidisasi paling sedikit dan lebar alur yang terbentuk (T) paling lebar. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan model lubang perforasi Tipe III memberikan hasil yang paling baik. Pada nilai ψ = 0.25 indek sedimentasi model lubang perforasi Tipe I, II, dan III adalah ζ = 0.7 , ζ = 0.55 dan ζ = 0.4, sehingga model lubang perforasi Tipe III dapat mengurangi sedimen masuk pipa fluidisasi sekitar 60 % dibandingkan model lubang Tipe WL. Dari hasil pengukuran lebar alur yang terbentuk, model lubang perforasi Tipe I memberikan hasil yang terbaik yaitu sebesar 118 cm, sedangkan untuk model lubang perforasi Tipe III sebesar 105 cm dan untuk model lubang perforasi Tipe WL sebesar 92 cm

Technology of fluidization has been used by US Army Corps of Engineer for maintenance of navigable waterways in Ana Maria, Florida in 1986 and for Sand by Passing project in Oseanide, California, in 1990. But after being operated for several years, both projects had to stop their activities. It was caused by clogging in the holes of perforation system and in fluidization pipes. And the aim of this research was to find out the model of perforation hole that could minimize the possibility of clogging in fluidization pipes. Test for model of perforation hole was conducted to four prototype models. They were WL (Weisman and Lennon) model which is currently used, Perforation hole model type I, II, and III. The evaluation on the effectiveness of perforation hole model was based on the amount of sediment in fluidization pipes, and the width of trench formed by fluidization impact. The best evaluation would be based on the least amount of sediments which went in to the pipes (q*) and the widest trench (T) . The result of the research found that model of perforation hole type III gave the best outcome. At ψ =0.25 index sedimentation for perforation hole model type I, II, and III was ζ=0.7, ζ =0.55 and ζ = 0.4. Therefore model of perforation hole type III could minimize sediment in fluidization pipes about 60%. From the measurement of the width of trench formed in fluidization pipes, model of perforation hole type I gave the best result. It was only 118 cm, meanwhile model of perforation hole type III was 105 centimeters, and hole type WL was 92 centimeters.

Kata Kunci : Rekayasa Pantai,Fluidisasi,Penyumpatan,Lubang Perforasi, Fluidization, Perforation Hole