Dinamika Sinyal Dividen Dalam Kondisi Ekonomi Dan Ketidakpastian Kebijakan Ekonomi: Studi Empiris Dunia Periode 2008–2023
Ahsan Sumantika, Prof. Dr. Eduardus Tandelilin, M.B.A., ; Bowo Setiyono, S.E., M.Com., Ph.D., ; I Wayan Nuka Lantara, S.E., M.Si., Ph.D.,
2025 | Disertasi | S3 Manajemen
This study examines the relationship between changes in dividend policy and the growth of future financial performance by considering macroeconomic dynamics, policy uncertainty, and firm size. Using cross-country data from 28 countries over the period 2008–2023, the study investigates whether the signaling function of dividends remains consistent across different phases of economic conditions and levels of economic policy uncertainty. The analysis is grounded in two theoretical frameworks: dividend signaling theory and dividend reduction theory.
The empirical results reveal that the signaling function of dividend policy is not universal; rather, it depends on the phase of the economic cycle, the level of policy uncertainty, and firm size. During periods of economic growth and declining policy uncertainty, dividend increases serve as a signal of managerial optimism regarding future earnings prospects, particularly among large firms with strong reputations and financial capacity. Conversely, during periods of economic slowdown or heightened policy uncertainty, dividend reductions represent a rational managerial strategy to preserve financial flexibility. When external financing becomes scarce, firms with greater investment opportunities are the first to reduce dividends to take advantage of future growth opportunities (Hull, 2015).
Robustness tests using alternative indicators of future performance: future operating income growth (?OPINC???) and future free cash flow (?FCF???) as well as alternative measures of dividend policy (?DIV and ?DPR), yield consistent results. Furthermore, significant differences are observed between common law and civil law countries. Dividend increases convey stronger signals under common law systems during economic expansion, while dividend reductions are more significant in civil law systems during economic downturns.
Kata Kunci : Teori Sinyal Dividen, Teori Pengurangan Dividen, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Ketidakpastian Kebijakan Ekonomi, Ukuran Perusahaan