STATUS FISIOLOGI DAN PRODUKSI SUSU KAMBING PERANAKAN ETAWAH DAN SAPERA DI DATARAN RENDAH, GAMPING, SLEMAN

FRANSISCO DIAZ YONAS NANDANA, Prof. Ir. Yustina Yuni Suranindyah, MS., Ph.D., IPM.

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur status fisiologi dan produksi susu kambing Peranakan Etawah dan kambing Sapera. Lokasi penelitian yaitu peternakan kambing perah di DU Farm, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman pada Agustus hingga September 2023. Variabel yang diamati yaitu suhu, kelembaban, THI, frekuensi respirasi, frekuensi pulsus, temperatur rektal, dan produksi susu. Data dianalisis dengan metode independent t-test dan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa temperatur lingkungan terendah 24,27±0,21°C, sedangkan yang tertinggi 32,43±0,05. Rata-rata kelembaban lingkungan yang terendah 39,33±1,70°C, sedangkan yang tertinggi 63,00±0,82. Rata-rata THI lingkungan kandang yang terendah 70,69±0,55, sedangkan yang tertinggi 79,21±0,20. Hasil pengukuran rata-rata frekuensi respirasi terendah kambing PE 33,07±5,93 kali/menit dan Sapera 36,53±7,28 kali/menit, sedangkan hasil pengukuran frekuensi respirasi tertinggi kambing PE 49,60±13,99 kali/menit dan Sapera 46,93±8,45 kali/menit. Hasil pengukuran rata-rata frekuensi pulsus terendah kambing PE 60,00±10,43 kali/menit dan Sapera 65,20±10,53 kali/menit, sedangkan hasil pengukuran frekuensi pulsus tertinggi kambing PE 70,93±15,56 kali/menit dan Sapera 75,20±20,20 kali/menit. Hasil pengukuran rata-rata temperatur rektal terendah kambing PE 37,90±2,40°C dan Sapera 38,48±0,42°C, sedangkan hasil pengukuran temperatur rektal tertinggi pada kambing PE 38,77±0,23°C dan Sapera 38,71±0,22°C. Hasil rata-rata produksi susu kambing PE adalah 850±159,66 ml, sedangkan Sapera adalah 663,4±227,76. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah status fisiologi kambing Sapera lebih tinggi dari pada kambing PE dan produksi susu kambing PE lebih tinggi dari pada kambing Sapera di dataran rendah.

This study aims to measure the physiological status and milk production of Etawah crossbreed and Sapera goats. The research location is a dairy goat farm at DU Farm, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman from August to September 2023. The variables observed were temperature, humidity, THI, respiratory frequency, pulse frequency, rectal temperature, and milk production. The results showed that the lowest environmental temperature was 24.27±0.21°C, while the highest was 32.43±0.05. The lowest average environmental humidity was 39.33±1.70°C, while the highest was 63.00±0.82. The lowest average THI was 70.69±0.55, while the highest was 79.21±0.20. The results of the lowest average respiration frequency measurements for PE goats were 33.07±5.93 times/minute and Sapera 36.53±7.28 times/minute, while the results of the highest respiration frequency measurements for PE goats were 49.60±13.99 times/minute and Sapera 46.93±8.45 times/minute. The results of the lowest average pulse frequency measurements for PE goats were 60.00±10.43 times/minute and Sapera 65.20±10.53 times/minute, while the results of the highest pulse frequency measurements for PE goats were 70.93±15.56 times/minute and Sapera 75.20±20.20 times/minute. The results of the lowest average rectal temperature measurements of PE goats were 37.90±2.40°C and Sapera 38.48±0.42°C, while the highest rectal temperature measurements were in PE goats 38.77±0.23°C and Sapera 38.71±0.22°C. The average milk production of PE goats was 850±159.66 ml, while Sapera was 663.4±227.76. The conclusion is the physiological status of Sapera goats is higher than PE goats and the milk production of PE goats is higher than Sapera goats in the lowlands.

Kata Kunci : Kambing Peranakan Etawah, Kambing Sapera, Status Fisiologi, Produksi Susu, Fisiologi Lingkungan, Etawah Crossbreed Goats, Sapera Goats, Physiological Status, Milk Production, Environmental Physiology