Mobilitas penduduk non permanen dari desa tertinggal (Kasus desa Sidosari Kecamatan Matar, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan)

Buchori Asyik, Prof.Dr. Ida Bagoes Mantra

2001 | Tesis | S2 Geografi

INTISARI Desa Sidosari termasuk salah satu desa tertinggal di Kecamatan Natar Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Sebagian besar lahan pertanian berupa sawah tadah hujan. Pada musim kemarau hampir sebagian besar penduduk melakukan mobilitas non permanen ke kota. Tujuan penelitian ini ingin mengetahui faktor pendorong dan pola mobilitas, di wilayah tadah hujan dan irigasi teknis dengan pendekatan keruangan dan metode survei. Lokasi penelitian diambil secara purposive. Data dikumpulkan dengan mewawancarai 210 responden di wilayah sawah tadah hujan dan sawah irigasi teknis, masing-masing wilayah ditetapkan 105 responden dan diambil dengan teknik random sampling. Disamping itu dilakukan wawancara secara mendalam kepada informan kunci dan observasi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan ditribusi frekuensi dan tabel silang dan diuji dengan Chi Kuadrat, kemudian diinterpretasi secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan bahwa faktor pendorong melakukan mobilitas non permanen adalah faktor lingkungan fisik desa tidak dapat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi. Informasi utama memperoleh pekerjaan di daerah tujuan dari teman dekat, ada perbedaan sumber informasi antara wilayah tadah hujan dan irigasi teknis, yang dibuktikan dari Chi Kuadrat hitung lebih besar (6,68) dari nilai tabel (3,84); Tidak ada perbedaan proporsi pelaku mobilitas antara wilayah tadah hujan dan irigasi teknis, Chi Kuadrat hitung lebih kecil (7,69) dari nilai tabel (11,070); Tidak ada perbedaan tingkat pendidikan pelaku mobilitas non permanen antara wilayah tadah hujan dan irigasi teknis; Rata-rata pendapatan total pelaku mobilitas di wilayah tadah hujan lebih besar (Rp 496.785) dibandingkan irigasi teknis (Rp466.071); Pemanfaatan pendapatan di daerah asal lebih banyak digunakan untuk keperluan konsumsi. Kata Kunci: Mobilitas Non Permanen wilayah tadah hujan dan irigasi teknis

ABSTRACT The village of Sidosari is considered as one of under developed villages in Natar Sub-district of Lampung Selatan Regency. Most of agriculture land is the cistern rice field. In dry season most of population involve in non permanent mobility to city. The objective of research was to examine an push factor and mobility pattern in cistern area and technical irrigation with spatial approach and a survey method. The research location was selected purposively. Data were collected by interviewing 210 respondents in cistern and technical irrigation areas, and 105 respondents were assigned for each area and drawn by a random sampling technique. In addition, an in-depth interview of key informant and observation was conducted. The data were analyzed by a frequency distribution and cross tabulations, tested by a Chi-square method, and then qualitatively interpreted. The research showed that the push factor for conducting non-permanent mobility is the physical environment inability of the village to sustain the economic needs of the population. The main information on job opportunity in the destination area found from the close friends showed different information sources between the rain-fall and technical irrigation areas, indicated by the computed chi-square (6.68) that was greater than the table value (3.84); there was no significant difference in the proportion of mobility participants between the rain-fall and technical irrigation areas, indicated by the computed chi-square that was less than the table value (11.070); there was no significant difference in the education level of mobility participants between both areas; the averaged total income of mobility participants in the rain-fall area (Rp 496,785) was greater than in the technical irrigation area (Rp 466,071): The income from local resources was mostly allocated for consumption uses. Keywords: Non-permanent mobility, cistern rice field and technical irrigation area

Kata Kunci : Mobilitas Non Permanen, wilayah tadah hujan, irigasi teknis