Analisis foto udara dan data dijital spot sebagai basis data sistem informasi geografi: dalam rangka pengembangan model wanatani di beberapa subdas Oyo, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Bambang Purbowaseso, Drs. Dulbahri

1991 | Tesis | S2 Penginderaan Jauh

INTISARI Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di beberapa SUBDAS Oyo Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Tujuan penelitian adalah membuat model wanatani yang sesuai melalui pendekatan spasial. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan jalan interpretasi foto udara dan analisis data dijital SPOT MSS serta pengumpulan data hasil penelitian sebelumnya dan data lapangan. Data tersebut adalah bentuklahan, bahaya erosi, bentuk wanatani, kesesuaian lahan, keinginan masyarakat akan suatu tanaman dan pola tanam. Analisis dilakukan dengan jalan menumpangsusunkan dan menggabungkan data tersebut. Pengembangan model wanatani ditekankan pada skala prioritas pada bentuklahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model wanatani didapat sebanyak 9 model di mana urutan kecil diprioritaskan. Model wanatani I terdapat pada dataran antar perbukitan datar Formasi Wonosari dan lahan datar denudasional Formasi Oyo. Model wanatani II terdapat pada lahan berombak denudasional Formasi Oyo dan dataran antar perbukitan berombak Formasi Wonosari. Model wanatani III pada perbukitan denudasional terkikis sedang Formasi Oyo dan perbukitan denudasional terkikis ringan Formasi Oyo. Model wanatani IV terdapat pada perbukitan monoklinal terkikis sedang Formasi Nglanggran dan perbukitan monoklinal terkikis sedang Formasi Sambipitu. Model wanatani V pada lahan datar denudasional Formasi Oyo dan dataran antar perbukitan datar Formasi Wonosari. Model wanatani VI pada lahan berombak denudasional Formasi Oyo, lahan bergelombang denudasional Formasi Oyo, lereng kaki denudasional Formasi Andesit Tua, dataran antar perbukitan berombak Formasi Wonosari dan dataran antar perbukitan bergelombang Formasi Wonosari. Model wanatani VII terdapat pada perbukitan denudasional terkikis ringan Formasi Oyo dan perbukitan denudasional terkikis sedang Formasi Oyo. Model wanatani VIII terdapat pada perbukitan monoklinal terkikis sedang Formasi Nglanggran, perbukitan monoklinal terkikis sedang Formasi. Sambipitu, perbukitan denudasional terkikis kuat Formasi Oyo dan perbukitan kapur terkikis kuat Formasi Wonosari. Model wanatani IX terdapat pada lahan rusak denudasional Formasi Andesit Tua. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa: (1) bentuklahan, bahaya erosi, bentuk wanatani dapat disadap dari foto udara dan data dijital SPOT MSS, (2) didapat sebanyak 9 model wanatani perencanaan di mana model dengan urutan kecil lebih diprioritaskan.

ABSTRACT The study was carried out in several of the Oyo Subwatershed of Gunung Kidul Regency of Yogyakarta Special District. The aim of the research is to make agroforestry models by using spatial approach. The research was done by interpreting airphotos and analysing SPOT MSS digital data and collecting data result of the research before and as the field. They are landform, erosion hazard, agroforestry form, land suitability, people preference of plants and planting pattern. The research showed that there are 9 agroforestry models that have been ranked. The model which has lower rank has more priority. Agroforestry model I located at level karst plain between hilly of Wonosari Formation and denudational level land of Oyo Formation. Agroforestry model II located at denudational undulating land of Oyo Formation and undulating karst plain of Wonosari Formation. Agroforestry model III located at moderately eroded denudational hilly of Oyo Formation and slightly eroded denudational hilly of Oyo Formation. Agroforestry model IV located at moderately eroded monoclinal hilly of Nglanggran Formation and moderately eroded monoclinal hilly of Sambipitu Formation. Agroforestry model V denudational level land of Oyo Formation and plain between hilly of Wonosari Formation. model VI located at denudational undulating Formation, denudational rolling land of Oyo Formation, denudational footslope of Old Andesit Formation, undulating karst plain between hilly of Wonosari Formation and rolling karts plain between hilly of Wonosari Formation. Agroforestry model VII located at slightly eroded denudational hilly of Oyo Formation and moderately eroded denudational hilly of Oyo Formation. Agroforestry model VIII located at moderately eroded monoclinal hilly of Nglanggran Formation, moderately eroded monoclinal hilly of Sambipitu Formation, heavy eroded denudational hilly of Oyo Formation, heavy eroded denudational hilly of Old Andesit Formation and heavy eroded karst hilly of Wonosari Formation. Agroforestry model IX located at denudational badland of Old Andesit Formation. Based on the results, conclusions could be drawn, i.e: (1) landform, erosion hazard and agroforestry form could be acquired by airphotos and SPOT MSS digital data (2) there 9 agroforestry models that have been ranked which has the lower rank has more priority.

Kata Kunci : Analisis foto udara, data dijital spot, basis data sistem informasi geografi, model wanatani, subdas Oyo