Identifikasi Karakteristik Mata Air serta Rancangan Konservasi Mata Air Berbasis Zonasi di Desa Binangun Kecamatan Karangkobar Kabupaten Banjarnegara

Alfin Danang Kumoro, Dr.Agr.Sc. Ir. Hatma Suryatmojo, S.Hut., M.Sc., IPU, ASEAN Eng.

2025 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN

Desa Binangun, yang berada di hulu Sub-DAS Merawu dalam DAS Serayu salah satu DAS prioritas nasional memiliki peran penting sebagai area tangkapan air. Namun, tekanan lingkungan seperti degradasi lahan dan berkurangnya vegetasi menyebabkan terancamnya keberlanjutan mata air, sementara itu data karakteristik mata air yang secara global masih terbatas. Penelitian ini penting untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik mata air secara menyeluruh dan menyusun strategi konservasi berbasis zonasi, guna menjamin keberlanjutan sumber daya air di Sub-DAS Merawu dan DAS Serayu. 

Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) dengan metode survei lapangan, wawancara, serta pengukuran kualitas dan kuantitas mata air secara in situ dan uji laboratorium. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif berdasarkan parameter fisik, kimia, dan mikrobiologis, serta dibandingkan dengan baku mutu Permenkes No. 2 Tahun 2023 dan PP No. 22 Tahun 2021. Strategi konservasi mata air disusun berdasarkan pedoman Perdirjen PDASHL No. 10/PDASHL/SET/KUM.1/5/2019. 

Hasil menunjukkan sebagian besar mata air masih layak dimanfaatkan, meskipun belum aman dikonsumsi langsung karena kandungan total coliform. Dari empat belas mata air, hanya dua dikategorikan dalam kondisi baik. Strategi konservasi disusun berdasarkan tingkat kerusakan dan zonasi perlindungan, melalui tindakan vegetatif, mekanis, serta pembatasan aktivitas berisiko di sekitar mata air. 

Binangun Village, located in the upper part of the Merawu Sub-watershed within the Serayu Watershed one of Indonesia’s nationally prioritized watersheds plays a critical role as a water catchment area. However, environmental pressures such as land degradation and declining vegetation have threatened the sustainability of its springs. Moreover, globally, data on spring characteristics remain limited. This study aims to comprehensively identify the characteristics of springs and develop a zonation-based conservation strategy to ensure sustainable water resource management in the Merawu Sub-watershed and the broader Serayu Watershed. 

The research employed an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, utilizing field surveys, interviews, and in situ measurements of spring quality and quantity, followed by laboratory testing. Descriptive analysis was conducted based on physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters, and the results were compared with the water quality standards of Ministry of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023 and Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. The conservation strategy was formulated based on the guidelines of Perdirjen PDASHL No. 10/PDASHL/SET/KUM.1/5/2019. 

Findings indicate that most springs are still usable, although not suitable for direct consumption due to total coliform contamination. Of the fourteen springs assessed, only two were classified as being in good condition. Conservation strategies were developed according to the level of degradation and protection zones, involving vegetative measures, mechanical interventions, and restrictions on activities posing risks around the springs.

Kata Kunci : Kualitas Mata Air, Kuantitas Mata Air, Zonasi Perlindungan, Asset-Based Community Development