Studi Eksperimental Pendingin Termoakustik Dengan Variasi Material Stack Berbentuk Pelat Sejajar
Stevan Bahagia Zebua, Ir. Prastowo Murti, S.Si., M.Eng., Ph.D.
2025 | Skripsi | TEKNIK MESIN
The thermoacoustic cooling system is an environmentally friendly refrigeration technology because it does not use chemical refrigerants such as HFCs or CFCs, which have high global warming potential. Instead, it employs inert gases such as air as the working fluid. The system’s performance is largely determined by its core component, the stack, where material selection plays a crucial role. This study experimentally examines the effect of varying stack materials in a parallel-plate configuration on the cooling performance of a standing-wave thermoacoustic system.
Experiments were conducted using four stack materials: mylar, nylon-carbon, aluminum, and copper. The research began with optimization of the system’s operating conditions, where the obtained resonant frequency was 190 Hz. Subsequently, the cooling performance of each material was compared, followed by an analysis of the effects of stack position and acoustic pressure amplitude on system performance.
The results show that the mylar stack exhibited the best performance, achieving a steady-state maximum temperature difference (?Tmax) of 6.5 °C, followed by nylon-carbon at 4.4 °C, while aluminum and copper failed to reach a steady cold state, producing only a transient ?Tmax of about 1.5 °C. The position test indicated that the optimal condition occurred at a normalized stack center position (xsn) of 0.42, while increasing pressure amplitude led to a higher ?Tmax. Further analysis revealed a negative correlation between the thermal conductivity (k) of the stack material and the achieved ?Tmax. The performance of high-thermal-conductivity materials is limited by conductive heat leakage, which prevents the occurrence of the acoustic cooling effect.
Kata Kunci : pendingin termoakustik, stack, variasi material, konduktivitas termal, kebocoran kalor.