Preparasi lempung terpilar besi oksida dan pemanfaatannya sebagai adsorben pengotor minyak daun cengkeh

SUARYA, Putu, Dr. Yateman Arryanto

2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kimia

Preparasi, karakterisasi dan aplikasi dari lempung terpilar-Fe sebagai adsorben pengotor minyak daun cengkeh telah dilakukan. Preparasi dilakukan dengan menginterkalasikan Fe-polihidroksi ke dalam antarlapis silikat lempung monmorilonit. Pada proses sintesis juga dikaji pengaruh rasio mmol Fe/KTK (kapasitas tukar kation) lempung terhadap kualitas lempung terpilar yang dihasilkan dan kemampuan adsorpsinya. Karakterisasi lempung hasil sintesis dilakukan dengan Gas Sorption Analyzer untuk menentukan luas permukaan spesifik, spektrofotometer FTIR untuk penentuan gugus-gugus fungsional dan spektrofotometer serapan atom untuk penentuan kadar besi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan di atas menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan pada: luas permukaan spesifik berturut-turut 48,27 ; 48,75; 54,31; 65,21; 62,91 dan 51,86 m2/g, kandungan besi berturut-turut 2,24 %; 2,57 %; 3,37 %; 4,37 %; 4,61 % dan 4,54 % (b/b) untuk rasio mmol Fe/KTK lempung = 0; 0,5; 1; 3; 5 dan 10. Hasil uji adsorpsinya terhadap pengotor minyak daun cengkeh menunjukkan bahwa lempung dengan rasio mmol Fe/KTK lempung = 3 menunjukkan aktifitas adsorpsi terbaik, yakni mampu mengadsorpsi pengotor paling banyak: 284,2 mg/g lempung dan menghasilkan minyak hasil adsorpsi paling jernih dengan perbandingan adsorben : minyak = 1 g : 40 ml.

Preparation, characterization and application of Fe-pillared clays as adsorbents on the purification of clove leaves oil have been conducted. The preparation has been done by intercalation of iron-polyhydroxy into the silicates interlayer of montmorillonite. The influence of mmol Fe/CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity) clay ratio to the quality of the pillared clay and the adsorption performance of the prepared pillared clay has been studied. Characterization of the Fe-pillared clay was carried out using gas sorption analyzer, FTIR spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the spesific surface area of the pillared clays and their iron contents increased with increasing mmol Fe/CEC clay ratio. At the mmol Fe/CEC clay ratio of 0; 0.5; 1; 3; 5 and 10, the spesific surface areas were 48.27; 48.75, 54.31; 65.21; 62.91 and 51.86 m2/g, respectively; while the iron contents were 2.24 ; 2.57 ; 3.37 ; 4.37; 4.61 and 4.54 % (w/w), respectively. From the adsorption test, it was observed that the pillared clay prepared with mmol Fe/CEC clay ratio of 3, showed the best performance. For each gram of this pillared clay, it was able to adsorp 284.2 mg of impurity and to purify 40 ml of crude clove leaves oil.

Kata Kunci : lempung monmorillonit, pilarisasi, lempung terpilar besi oksida, adsorpsi, minyak daun cengkeh, montmorillonite clay, adsorbent, iron oxide- pillared clay, adsorption, clove leaves oil