Komunitas Burung pada Berbagai Tipe Ruang Terbuka Hijau di Kota Magelang dan Sekitarnya
JEFFY IMMANUEL GUNADI, Dr.rer.silv. Ir. Sandy Nurvianto, S.Hut., M.Sc., IPM
2025 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN
Urbanization is one of the impacts of the increasing human population. Affected natural landscapes will experience massive habitat fragmentation, loss and degradation, which increases the rate of natural selection and extinction. Green open space (RTH) is known to be a real solution in biodiversity conservation efforts in urban landscapes. Differences in the type and function of green spaces can affect habitat selection by birds. This study aims to identify bird species communities and describe the influence of environmental factors on bird species diversity in various types of green spaces in Magelang City and District.
Bird diversity data were collected using the point count method. Data on vegetation structure and composition, as well as biotic and abiotic environmental variables, were obtained through nested plots and protocol sampling. Data were collected in green belt, garden, farm, cemetery and park. Bird species diversity in each community was analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Visualization of bird community responses to environmental variables was presented through Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Generalized Linear Model (GLM) was used for analysis of environmental factors on bird species diversity.
There were 51 species and 6447 individuals encountered during the study. Species from the insectivore feeding guild had the highest species richness, while the highest individual abundance came from the granivore feeding guild. Gardens were the type of green space with the highest species richness, followed by agriculture. The number of seedling and sapling species was positively correlated to bird species diversity. The count of vehicles causes noise and air pollution while the dense understorey cover and high number of saplings means that the habitat is still young and cannot provide maximum protection, thus negatively correlating with bird species diversity. A good green space needs to meet the standards according to applicable regulations. The design of the green space needs to be modified by considering the presence of birds as one aspect of management.
Kata Kunci : Struktur Komunitas Burung, Urbanisasi, Feeding Guild, Generalized Linear Model, Biodiversitas Urban