KINERJA INDUK DOMBA EKOR GEMUK DI KABUPATEN BREBES, JAWA TENGAH

Brilliandra Gati Wiratama, Prof. Ir. Panjono, S.Pt., M.P., Ph.D., IPM., ASEAN Eng

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja induk domba ekor gemuk (DEG) di Kabupaten Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Bulakamba, Wanasari, dan Larangan, dengan melibatkan 11 peternak beserta 44 ekor induk domba ekor gemuk. Data yang diambil yaitu karakteristik peternak, sistem pemeliharaan, dan kinerja induk. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan cara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 72,72% peternak tergolong usia produktif, 50,00% rata-rata pengalaman beternak lebih dari 20 tahun, 40,00% peternak merupakan lulusan SD, 80% tujuan beternak sebagai sampingan, dan semua peternak memiliki kemampuan mengenali tanda birahi. Pemeliharaan 100% dilakukan secara intensif dengan kandang panggung, metode perkawinan 100% dilakukan secara alami, dan 81,82% peternak hanya memberikan pakan hijauan saja. Umur pertama kali kawin adalah 9,48±1,05 bulan, umur pertama kali beranak adalah 15,93±1,69 bulan, interval kelahiran adalah 8,55±2,27 bulan, liter size adalah 1,32±0,60 ekor, umur sapih adalah 3,99±0,91 bulan, bobot sapih adalah 17,7±4,86 kg, indeks reproduksi induk (IRI) adalah 1,89±0,92 ekor/tahun, dan indeks produktivitas induk (IPI) adalah 29,11±16,6 kg/ekor/tahun. Disimpulkan bahwa kinerja induk domba ekor gemuk di Kabupaten Brebes tergolong baik, namun variasinya masih tinggi, khususnya pada bobot sapih, IRI dan IPI.

This study aimed to evaluate the reproductive performance of fat-tailed ewes in Brebes Regency, Central Java. The research was conducted in the sub-districts of Bulakamba, Wanasari, and Larangan, involving a total of 11 farmers and 44 fat-tailed sheep ewes. The collected data included farmers characteristics, management systems and ewes performance. The data was obtained through interviews and direct field observations. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative methods. The results indicated that 72.72% of the farmers were categorized as being of productive age, 50.00% had more than 20 years of farming experience, 40.00% of farmers were elementary school graduates, 80?rmed as a sideline job, and all farmers were capable of identifying estrus signs. All animal were under intensive management system using slatted house, all ewes were mated naturally, and only forage was provided as feed by 81.82% of the farmers. The ewes first mating age was at 9.48±1.05 months, age at first lambing was 15.93±1.69 months, lambing interval was 8.55±2.27 months, litter size was 1.32±0.60 lambs, weaning age was 3.99±0.91 months, and weaning weight was 17.7±4.86 kg. The ewe reproductive index was 1.89±0.92 lambs/year, and the ewe productivity index was 29.11±16.6 kg/ewe/year. It is concluded that the performance of fat-tailed sheep ewes in Brebes Regency is considered good; however, the variation remained high, particularly in weaning weight, ewe reproductive index and ewe productivity index.

Kata Kunci : Domba ekor gemuk, Karakteristik peternak, Kinerja Induk, Sistem pemeliharaan.